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Anatomy/Physiology
75 Muscles Flash Cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force. | Contractility |
| The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus. | Excitability |
| The ability to stretched. | Extensibility |
| The ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched. | Elasticity |
| Four Major Functional Characteristics | Contractility, Excitability, Extensibility, Elasticity |
| A connective tissue sheath that surrounds the skeletal muscle. | Epimysium |
| Is another connective tissue located outside the epimysium that surrounds and separates muscles. | Fascia |
| Loose connective tissue that surrounds muscle fasciculi. | Perimysium |
| The fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells called _______ | Fibers |
| Fibers are surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called _______ | Endomysium |
| The cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with ______ | Myofibrils |
| Myofibrils consist of 2 major kinds of protein fibers | Actin Myofilaments, Myosin Myofilaments |
| Thin myofilaments that resemble 2 minute strands of pearls twisted together. | Actin Myofilaments |
| Thick myofilaments that resemble bundles of minute golf | Myosin Myofilaments |
| Actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called _______ | Sarcomeres |
| The charge difference across the membrane. | Membrane Potential |
| The briefly reversal back of charge is called _______ | Action Potential |
| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers. | Motor Neurons |
| A branch that connects to the muscle. | Neuromuscluar Junction |
| A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called _______ | Motor Unit |
| The space between the presynaptic terminal and muscle cell is the _________ | Synaptic Cleft |
| Enlarged nerve terminal. | Presynaptic Terminal |
| Each presynaptic terminal contains | Synaptic Vesicles |
| Synaptic vesicles secrete a neurotransmitter called _______ | Acetylcholine |
| The acetylcholine relased into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and musle cell is rapidly broken down by an enzymes. | Acetylcholinesterase |
| The sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction is called_______ | Sliding Filament Mechanism |
| A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that caused the action potential in one or more muscle fibers. | Muscle Twitch |
| A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level called______ | Threshold |
| The muscle fiber contract maximally. | All or None Response |
| The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction is | Lag Phase |
| The time of contraction is the | Contraction Phase |
| The time during which the muscle relaxes is | Relaxation Phase |
| Where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing | Tetany |
| The increase in number of motor units being activated is called______ | Recruitment |
| Needed for energy for muscle contraction | ATP |
| Muscle cells can store a high energy molecule called_____ | Creatine Phosphate |
| Without oxygen | Anaerobic Respiration |
| With oxygen | Aerobic Respiration |
| The amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replenish the depleted stores in muscle cells. | Oxygen debt |
| When ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells. | Muscle Fatigue |
| Equal distance | Isometric |
| Equal tension | Isotonic |
| Constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time. | Muscle Tone |
| Contract quickly and fatigue quickly. | Fast Twitch Fibers |
| Contract more slowly and more resistant to fatigue. | Slow Twitch Fibers |
| The most stationary end of the muscle. | Origin |
| The end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement. | Insertion |
| The portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion is the | Belly |
| Muscle that work together to accomplish specific movements are called______ | Synergists |
| Muscles that work in opposition to one another are called______ | Antagonists |
| Raises the eyebrows | Occipitofrontalis |
| Closes the eyelids, causes crowfeet. | Orbicularis Oculi |
| Frowning | Depressor Anguli Oris |
| Pulls corners of lips downward. | Platysma |
| Chewing | Masfication |
| Moves the tongue. | Extrinsic tongue muscle |
| Changes shape of tongue | Intrinsic |
| Along each side of the vertebral column Resp. for keeping the back erect. | Erector Spirae |
| Sneering | Levator Labii Superioris |
| 2 Characteristic of cardiac muscle. | Involentary, Not Striated |
| 2 Characteristic of smooth muscle. | Not Strated, No Nucleus |
| 2 Types of tongue muscles. | Extrinstic, Intrinsic |
| A muscle fiber is surrounded by the _________ | Endomysium |
| This occurs in the presence of oxygen. | Aerobic Respiration |
| An anterior thigh muscle that exteneds the leg is the_______ | Sartorius |
| The muscle responsible for elevating the ribs during inspiration is ____________ | The Rectus Adbominis |
| The biceps brachii and thr triceps brachii are _____________ and _____________ | Synergists and Antagonists |
| Occurs in the absence of oxygen. | Anaerobic Respiation |
| Two types of fibers? | Fast Twitch,Slow Twitch |
| Two types of muscle contractions? | Isometric, Istonic |
| A high-energy molecule that can be quickly used to produce ATP. | Creatine Phosphate |
| Extends from on Z line to the next. | Sarcomere |
| How are muscle named. | Location, Function |
| Flexor carpi is located in the _______ | Forarm |
| Extend from one end of the muscle fiber to the other. | Muscles Myofibrils |
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Marissacombs180
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