Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
flash cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Contractility | the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force |
| Excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus |
| Extensibility | the ability to be stretched |
| Elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched |
| Epimysium | connective tissue sheath that surrounds skeletal muscle |
| Fascia | connective tissue located outside the epimysium |
| Perimysium | loose connective tissue that surrounds fasciculi |
| Four major functional characteristics of skeletal muscle | Contractility, Excitability, Extensibility, Elasticity |
| Muscle cells | muscle fibers |
| Bundle of muscles | muscle fasiciuli |
| Myofibrils | a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other |
| Actin myofilaments | thin myofilaments |
| Myosin myofilaments | thick myofilaments |
| Sarcomeres | actin and myosin myofilaments highly ordered units and are joined from end to end to form the myofilfibril |
| Resting membrane potential | the charge difference between the positively charge outside of most cell membranes and the negatively charged inside of most cell membranes |
| Action potential | when a muscle cell is stimulated the charge of the cell is briefly reversed |
| Motor neurons | nerve cells that carry sction motentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
| Neuromusclular junction or synapse | axons that enter the muscles and branch that connects the muscles near the center of the cell |
| Motor unit | a single motor neuron and all skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
| Presynaptic terminal | enlarged nerve terminal |
| Synaptic cleft | space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell |
| Synaptic vesicles | secretes a neurotransmitter called acetycholine |
| Acetycholine | a neurotransmittter secreted from the synaptic vesicles |
| Acetylcholinesterase | the acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is rapidly broken down by enzymes |
| Sliding filament mechanism | the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction |
| Muscle twitch | a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers |
| Threshold | a muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until a stimulus reaches this level |
| Lag phase | the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction |
| Contraction phase | the time of contraction |
| Relaxation phase | the time during which the muscle relaxes |
| Tetany | where a muscle remains contracted without relax |
| Recruitment | an increase in the number of motor units being activated |
| Creatine phosphate | a high energy molecule that can be stored unlike ATP |
| Anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
| Aerobic respiration | with oxygen |
| Oxygen debt | the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose and replenish the depleted stores of creatine phosphate in muscle cells |
| Muscle fatigue | results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells |
| Isometric | the length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contraction process |
| two types of muscle contractions | isometric and isotonic |
| Isotonic | the amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but the length of the muscle changes |
| Muscle tone | refers to constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time |
| Fast-twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly. well adapted to perform anaerobic metabolism |
| Slow-twitch fibers | contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue. better for aerobic metabolism |
| Origin | the most stationary end of a muscle |
| Insertion | the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
| Belly | the portion of the muscle in between the origin and the insertion |
| Synergists | muscles the work together to accomplish specific movements |
| Anatagonists | muscles that work in opposition to one another |
| Thoracic Muscles | muscles that move the thorax |
| Diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing |
| External intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration |
| Internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration |
| Erector spinae | group of muscles on each side of the back |
| Trapezius | rotates scapula |
| Serratus anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly |
| Pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arm |
| Latissimus dorsi | rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm |
| Deltoid | attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle, and is the major abductor of the upper limb |
| Triceps brachi | extends the forearm |
| Biceps brachii | flexes the forearm |
| Brachialis | flexes forearm |
| Brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm |
| Retinaculum | strong band of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor and extensor tendons and holds them in place around the wrist so that they do not “bowstring” during muscle contraction. |
| Flexor carpi | flexes the wrist |
| Extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
| Flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers |
| Extensor digitorum | extends the fingers |
| Gluteus maximus | buttocks. Contributes most of the mass of the buttocks |
| Quadriceps femoris | extends the leg; anterior thigh muscles |
| Sartorius | flexes the thigh |
| Hamstring | posterior thigh muscles; flexes the leg and extends the thigh |
| Gastrocnemius and soleus | forms the calf muscle |
| calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) | flexs the foot and toes |
| Peroneus | the lateral muscles of the leg |
| Intrinsic foot muscles | 20 muscles in the foot that flex extend, abduct, and adduct the toes |
Created by:
cody2482
Popular Anatomy sets