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TCC Nebauer Vocab 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Conjugation | Transfer of plasmid DNA from donor to recipient via a pilus |
| Obligate anaerobe | Organisms for which oxygen is poison |
| Prophage | Inactive virus within a cell that often incorporates it's DNA into the host chromosome |
| Lagging Strand | Strand of DNA that is synthesized discontinuously in replication |
| Vector | Nucleic acid molecules used to introduce foreign DNA or gene into a cell |
| Southern Blot | Where DNA molecules are transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane for screening |
| Methylation | Addition of methyl groups to one or two bases of a specific nucleotide squence |
| Halophile | Organisms requiring high Salt environments |
| Mutagen | Physical or chemical agents that may alter the normal DNA swquence |
| Mesophile | Organisms that grow best at temperatures between 20 C and 40 C |
| Plaque | Clear zone on a lawn of bacteria that indicates viral replication |
| R Factors | Genes on plasmid's that provide antibiotic resistance |
| Recombinant DNA | Contains homologous segments of DNA from two different genomes (or organisms) |
| Transformation | A cell takes up naked DNA from the environment and incorporates it into it's genome |
| Recombination | Exchange of homologous segments of DNA |
| Hfr Strain | Where an F plasmid is integrated into the bacterial chromosome at a specific site |
| Gel Electrophoresis | Method used to isolate fragments of DNA based on their size and charge |
| Reverse transcriptase | Viral enzyme tha makes copies of DNA from RNA designated cDNA |
| Nucleotide analogs | Compounds that are structurally similar to normal nucleotides |
| Reactive oxygen species | Oxidizing agents that are poisonous to anaerobes |
| Frameshift mutation | Insertion or deletion of nucleotide base pairs to cause a change in reading frame |
| F Factor | Plasmid containing a gene for conjugation pilus |
| DNA Fingerprinting | Method used to identify individuals by their unique DNA swquences |
| Polymerase chain reaction | Technique used to produce large number of identical DNA molecules in vitro |
| Transduction | Involves transfer of bacterial DNA from one cell to another via a replication virus |
| operon | Consists of a promoter, and operator and a series of functional genes |
| Competence | The ability to take up DNA from the environment and undergo transformation |
| Inclusion Bodies | Signs of viral presence in infected cells see primarily in the host cell nucleus |
| Log Phase | Period during which bacteria undergo rapid growth and reproduction |
| Thymine Dimer | Adjacent thymine bases covalently bond to one another causing a mutation |
| Transposon | DNA that moves form one location to another on the same or other chromosome |
| Ames test | A fast, inexpensive method for screening mutagens |
| Represor protein | Molecule that binds an operator to stop transcription of mRNA |
| Chemoautotroph | Use organic compounds for energy and carbon dioxide as a carbon sourse |
| Facultative | Orgnaisms that can survive either aerobically or anaerobically |
| Photoheterotroph | Use light as an energy source and organic compounds as a carbon source |
| Gene probe | Labeled nucleic acid molecules of specific |
| Bacteriophage | A virus that infects bacteria |
| Promoter | Location on an operon to which RNA poymerase binds. |
| Lysogenic cycle | Replication cycle in which virally-infected host cells grow and reproduce before lysis |
Created by:
sarah.teacher36
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