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Oral Pathology
Chapter 8 - Immune Mediated Disorder (Major)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Recurrent Aphtous Stomatitis is also known as? | Canker sores |
| This immune-mediated disorder is the most common condition affecting mucosal soft tissue? | Recurrent apthous stomatitis |
| These are common, painful, small, superficial ulcers on oral, gland-bearing mucosa that occur episodically in clusters? | Aphtous minor |
| These ulcers spares attached gingiva, hard palate, and the dorsum of the tongue? | Aphtous minor |
| Characterized by one or two uncommon, large superficial, painful ulcers usually on hte labial mucosa and soft palate; ulcerations are very deep and can cause scarring? | Aphthous major |
| This type of recurrent aphthous stomatitis resembles an HSV infection? | Herpetiform aphthous ulcers |
| This is a multisystemic disease common in Turkish, Asian (Japanese and Korean), and Middle Eastern populations? | Behcet Syndrome |
| Antigen found in Asians and Middle Eastern individuals with Behcet sydrome? | HLA-B5 |
| This type of recurrent aphthous stomatitis is characterized by recurrent aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, and uveitis or retinal vasculitis? | Behcet syndrome |
| Manifestations of this disease include skin lesions, arthritis, gastrointestinal lesions, central nervous system involvement, and vascular lesions, including aneurysms and thrombosis? | Behcet syndrome |
| Primary lesions of Behcet syndrome? | Vasculitis |
| Three types of lichen planus? | 1. Reticular type 2. Erosive type 3. Plaque type |
| This mucosal and skin lesion is characterized by the Koebner phenomenon? | Lichen planus |
| This type of lichen planus has a distinct pattern known as Wickham's striae, found usually on the buccal mucosa and is usually bilateral? | Reticular lichen planus |
| Reticular lichen planus is characterized by this distinct type of pattern? | Wickham's striae |
| This form of lichen planus is not as common but more noticeable since it is symptomatic; shows atrophic, erythematous areas with central ulceration bordered by whitish peripheral zone? | Erosive lichen planus |
| This form of lichen planus is characterized by white raised or flattened areas indistinguishable from leukoplakia; found most commonly in the tongue? | Plaque lichen planus |
| This mucosal and skin lesion resembels erosive lichen planus mainly on buccal mucosa; and is assocaiated with medication and otehr exogenous materials in the oral cavity? | Lichenoid reactions |
| Medications which may cause lichenoid reactions? | 1. Antibiotics 2. Antihypertensives 3. Antimalarials 5. Diuretics 5. gold compounds 6. NSAIDS |
| Mucous membranes pemphigoid is also known as? | 1. Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid 2. Cicatricial pemphigoid |
| This is an autoimmune reaction which is desquamative in nature and usually affects the basement membrane? | Mucous membrane pemphigoid |
| When a mucous membrane pemphigoid is found on the gingiva alone, this is known as? | Desquamative gingivitis |
| This mucosal and skin lesion begin as vesicles or bullae which eventually rupture to form large, superficial, ulcerated and denuded areas? | Mucous membrane pemphigoid |
| "The first to show, the last to go..." characterized by oral sorenes, superficial, ragged erosions and ulcerations; also with a positive Nikolsky sign? | Pemphigus vulgaris |
| Three major hereditary types of epidermolysis bullosa? | 1. Simplex 2. Junctional 3. Dystrophic |
| Two types of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa? | 1. Dominant 2. Recessive |
| This dystrophic type of epidermolysis bullosa is characterized by vesicles and bullae in areas easily traumatized, has gingival erythema, and gingival recession and recution in depth of buccal mucosa? | Dominant dystropohic epidermolysis bullosa |
| This type of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is more debilitating, with minor trauma causing vesicle and bullae formation; usually is a secondary infection; oral lesions may be casued by food with texture? | Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa |
| Dental defects of epidermolysis bullosa? | 1. Anodontia 2. Enamel hypoplasia 3. Enamel pitting 4. Neonatal teeth 5. Severe dental caries (junctional type of epidermolysis bullosa) |
| Skin lesions of this disorder is characterized by sudden onset, recurrence; may be a nodule, papule, macule, vesicle, or bullae; central lesion is surrounded by concentric rings of paleness and redness? | Erythema multiforme |
| Erythema multiforme is characterized by lesions located on the legs, arms, palms, hands and feet known as? | Target, iris, or bull's eye lesions |
| Oral lesions of this disorder are characterized by erythematous patches that undergo epithelial necrosis evolving into large, shallow erosions and elcerations with irregular borders? | Erythema multiforme |
| Most severe form of erythema multiforme involves sloughing and ulceration of entire skin and mucosal surfaces known as? | Toxic epidermal necrolysis or Lyell's disease |
| Toxic epidermal necrolysis or Lyell's disease characterizes which disorder? | Erythema multiforme |
| This is a chronic inflammatory autoimmuen disorder condition which may affect skin, connective tissue and specific internal organs? | Lupus erythematosus |
| Lupus usually refers to? | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| 6 types of lupus erythematosus? | 1. Systemic 2. Drug-induced 3. Lupus nephritis 4. Discoid 5. Subacute cutaneous 6. Neonatal |
| Most common form of lupus erythematosus that usually affects the kidneys, with widespread arthirits and arthralgia, heart and lugn involvement, anemia, and bone marrow deprression; "butterfly rash" on face? | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus is characterized by what kind of rash? | Butteryfly rash on the face |
| This type of lupus erythematosus affects skin on upper body parts which present with chronic skin rashes which heal; showing muscle and joint stiffness and malaise? | Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus |
| Type of LE characterized by skin lesons of chronic cuateneous LE; cutaneous lesions of face, scalp, and external ears, with scaly, erythematous areas on sun-exposed skin; and oral lesions similar to erosive lichen planus but with skin lesions? | Discoid LE |
| Characterized by atrophic or ulcerated erythematous central zone surrounded by white, fine radiating striae? | Discoid LE |
| LE that affects primarily the kidneys? | Lupus nephritis |
| Rare diseas affecting babies born to women with Systemic LE or Sjogren's syndrome or even without an autoimmune disorder; characterized by skin rash, liver problems, low blood counts and heart block leading to bradycardia? | Neonatal lupus |
| Progressive systemic sclerosis is also known as? | 1. Scleroderma 2. Hide-Bound disease |
| This disease is characterized by replacement of normal connective tissue with dense collagen bundles, resulting in fibrosis, loss of mobility, and altered organ functions? | Progressive systemic sclerosis |
| First sign of progressive systemic sclerosis? | Reynaud's phenomenon |
| This is characterized by vasoconstriction triggered by emotional stress or exposure to cold? | Reynaud's phenomenon |
| Syndrome associated with progressive systemic sclerosis? | CREST sydrome or acrosclerosis |
| CREST syndrome is characterized by? | 1. Calcinosis (dystrophic calcification) 2. Reynaud's disease 3. Esophageal strictures 4. Sclerodactyly 5. Telangiectasia |
| Known as "purse-string" appearance of the mouth? This is found in which immune-mediated disorder? | Microstomia; progressive systemic sclerosis |
| This type of immune mediated disorder shows resorption of the posterior ramus of the mandible, coronoid process and chin, leading to open bite and premature contact of molars? | Progressive systemic sclerosis |
| Mild variant of progressive systemic sclerosis affecting localized pathces of skin; with skin lesions resembling scars? | Localized scleroderma |
| Lesions of localized scleroderma are known as? | En coup de sabre |
| Erythema multiforme major is also known as? | Steven-Johnson syndrome |
| Benign migratory glossitis is also known as? | 1. Geographic tongue 2. Wandering rash of the tongue 3. Erythema areata migrans 4. Stomatitis areata migrans |
| This disorder is characterized by an area of erythema, with atrophy of the filiform papillae of the tongue, surrounded by serpiginous, white, hyperkeratotic border? | Benign migratory glossitis |
| This disorder is characterized by spontaneous resoltuion of thelesion in one area, with return of noraml tongue architecture, with another lesion appearing in a different location of the tongue? | Benign migratory glossitis |
| When benign migratory glossitis is found in other locations other than the tongue, this is known as? | Erythema migrans |
| Syndrome associated with benign migratory glossitis? | Reiter's syndrome |
| Triad of symptoms of Reiter's syndrome? | 1. Non-gonococcal urethritis 2. Arthritis 3. Conjunctivitis |
| This disorder is due to allergens; with erythema and edema in the oral mucosa and a uniform bright-red appearance in all quadrants unlike gingivitis? | Contact stomatitis |
| This allergic reaction is characterized by rapid swelling of the lips and adjacent structures in susceptible patients; occurs after contact with the allergen, anti-inflammatory meds or exposure to elements? | Angioedema |
| Two types of angioedema? | 1. Hereditary 2. Acquired |
| Characterized by enlargement of lower lip caused by chronic inflammation fo the minor salivary glands and distention of excretory ductal structures; labial mucosa exposed to sun and atmospheric elements? | Cheilitis glandularis |
| This immune-mediated reaction is associated with a heightened risk for development of oral squamous cell carcinoma? | Cheilitis glandularis |
| Is a clinico-pathologic term describing a group of oral conditions of varying causes, all with similar microscopic features of non-caseating granulomas? | Orofacial granulomatosis |
| Orofacial granulomatosis includes patients with? | 1. Oral manifestations of Crohn's disease 2. Cheilitis granulomatosis 3. Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome |
| Crohn's disease is also known as? | 1. Enteritis 2. Ileitis |
| Chronic inflammatory disease of the GI tract affecting structures from mouth to anus; shows pain in the abdomen and diarrhea; bleeding from the rectum, weight loss, join pain, skin problems, and fever? | Crohn's disease |
| Characterized by buccal mucosa with a cobblestone pattern; vestibule with linear hyperplastic folds with ulcers; and lips which are diffusely swollen and indurated? | Crohn's disease |
| Recurrent or persisten swelling of the lip due to granulomatous inflammation? | Cheilitis granulomatosa |
| Cheilitis granulomatosa is associated with which syndrome? | Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome |
| Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome is characterized by? | 1. Orofacial swelling 2. Intermittent facial paralysis - facial palsy indistinguishable from Bell's palsy 3. Fissure tongue (rare) |
| This disorder is characterized by sudden diffuse or occasionally nodular swellings of the lip or the face involving (in decreasing order of frequency) the upper lip, the lowe rlip, and one or both cheeks? | Cheilitis granulomatosa |
| Chronic disease consisting of multiple granulomas of skin, mucosal surfaces, salivary glands, lungs, and occasionally other major organs; usually the lungs and lymph nodes? | Sarcoidosis |
| Vague symptoms of sarcoidosis include? | 1. Fatigue 2. Weight loss 3. Arthralgia 4. Dry eyes 5. Shortness of breath 6. Blurry vision 7. Dry cough 8. Skin lesions |
| 2 syndromes associated with sarcoidosis? | 1. Lofgren's syndrome 2. Heerfordt's syndrome |
| Lofgren's syndrome is characterized by? | 1. Erythema nodosum 2. Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy 3. Arthralgia |
| Heerfordt's syndrome is characterized by? | 1. Parotid enlargement 2. Anterior uveitis of the eye 3. Facial paralysis 4. Fever |
| Oral lesion of this disorder is a submucosal mass; an area of granularity or isolated papule? | Sarcoidosis |
| Inflammatory disorder of mucous membranes; with multiple pustular lesions that rupture and result in widespread focal ulcerations; also an indicator of inflammatroy bowel disease? | Pyostomatitis vegetans |
| Pyostomatitis vegetans is an indicator of which disease? | Inflammatory bowel disease |
| Is a rare disease with an inflammatory granulamatous process; shows severe vasculitis and necrosis involving upper and lower respiratory system and kidneys? | Wegener granulomatosis |
| Characteristic lesion is strawberry gingivitis? | Wegener granulomatosis |
| Treatment for Wegener granulomatosis? | Cyclophosphamide and prednisone |
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TheDarkDentist
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