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APGOVChapter 2 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mayflower Compact | A document drawn up by Pilgrim leaders in 1620 on the ship of the Mayflower. The document stated that laws were to be made for the general good of the people. |
| Bill of Rights | The first ten amendments in the Constitution, that list freedoms enjoyed by citizens which can’t be abridged by the government. |
| First Continental Congress | A gathering of delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies, held in 1774 to protest the Coercive Acts. |
| Second Continental Congress | The congress of the colonies that met in 1775 to assume the powers of a central government and to establish an army. |
| Unicameral Legislature | A legislature with only one chamber. |
| Confederation | A league of independent states that are united only for the purpose of achieving common goals. |
| Articles of Confederation | The nation’s first national constitution, which established a national form of government following the American Revolution. The Articles provided for a confederal form of government in which the central government had few powers. |
| Shay’s Rebellion | A rebellion of angry farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786, led by Daniel Shays (emphasized a need for a true national government). |
| Constitutional Convention | The convention of delegates from the states that was held in Philadelphia in 1787 for the purpose of amending the Articles of Confederation. |
| Great Compromise | A plan for a bicameral legislature in which one chamber would be based on population and the other chamber would represent each state equally. |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | A compromise reached during the Constitutional Convention by which three-fifths of all slaves were to be counted for purposes of representation in the House of Representatives. |
| Interstate Commerce | Trade that involves more than one state. |
| Anti-Federalists | A political group that opposed the adoption of the Constitution because of the document’s centralist tendencies and because it did not include a bill of rights. |
| Federalists | A political group, led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams, that supported the adoption of the Constitution and the creation of a federal form of government. |
| Factions | A group of persons forming a cohesive minority. |
| Tyranny | The arbitrary or unrestrained exercise of power by an oppressive individual or government. |
| Rule of Law | A basic principle of governments that requires those who govern to act in accordance with established law. |
| Federal System | A form of government that provides for a division of powers between a central government and several regional governments (i.e: federalism). |
| Commerce Clause | The clause in Article 1, Section 8, of the Constitution that gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce. |
| Madisonian Model | The model of government derived from James Madison, in which the powers of the government are separated into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. |
| Separation of Powers | The principle of dividing governmental powers among the executive, legislative, and the judicial branches of government. |
| Checks and Balances | A major principle of American government in which each of the three branches is given the means to check the actions of others. |
| Veto Power | A constitutional power that enables the chief executive to reject legislation and return it to legislature with reasons for the rejection. This delays or prevents the bill from becoming law. |