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Renal System O1

Renal Gross Anatomy/Microanatomy

QuestionAnswer
Four major types of tissues that make up the human body Muscle, Nervous, Connective, Epithelial
Epithelial tissue is found in 3 places Covers or lines all surfaces, cavities and tubes; Perenchyma: functional portion of solid organs; Stroma: connective tissue for support
Fuctions of epithelial tissue Selective diffusion, absorption, secretion, physical protection, containment
What is the one thing that all epithelial tissues have that the other three types of tissue do not? Basement membrane
Describe a basement membrane Separates epithelia from supporting tissue, avascular, selective barrier to passage of materials
Cell modifications that relate to specific epithelial tissue functions Cilia, Microvilli, Goblet cells, Basolateral interdigitations
What is a brush border? Extends the surface area of the apical border of the epithelial cell
What are basolateral interdigitations Extends the surface area of the lateral and basal borders of the epithelial cell and is the location for the sodium pump
List the 4 types of cell junctions Tight junctions(occluding junctions), Zonula adherens (adhering belt), macular adherens (desmosomes), communicating junctions (gap junctions)
Diffusion requiring a concentration gradient Passive Diffusion
Diffusion with protein carrier molecules Facilitated
Transport requiring ATP Active
Transport using membrane receptors Transmembrane signaling
Components of a nephron Renal corpuscle, PCT, Loop of Henle, DCT
Glomerulus is a group of what? Fenestrated capillaries
Podocytes with many processes on a basement membrane are contained in the Visceral layer of bowmans capsule
What is the main function of the renal corpuscle? Filtration
Where are filtered glucose and amino acids mainly reabsorbed PCT
What cell modifications are seen in the PCT Brush border and basolateral interdigitations
What is the main function of the Loop of Henle? Generates a high osmotic pressure in the extracellular fluid of the renal medulla
Epithelium found in Thin loop of henle Simple squamous epithelium
Epithelium found in thick loop of henle Simple Cuboidal epithelium with extensive basolateral interdigitations
The DCT is under control of Aldosterone
Structures of the Juxtaglomerular apparatus Afferent arteriole, DCT, macula densa, extraglomerular mesangial cellls, juxtaglomerular cells
Which cells secrete renin Juxtaglomerular cells
Which cells are sensitive to sodium ion concentrations? Macula densa
Transitional epithelium is found in the Ureter and Urinary bladder
Created by: mcasto
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