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Epi/tracheitis

Epiglottitis and bacterial tracheitis- Dugan- 1/9/13

QuestionAnswer
Epiglottitis Bacterial cellulitis of the epiglottis and surpraglottis tissue
Clinical manifestations of epiglottitis Difficulty breathing, high fever, sore throat, pain on swallowing, stridor, rapidly progressing, tripoding
A lateral neck film with a "thumb sign" should indicate Epiglottitis
Most common etiologic agent for epiglottitis H. Influenzae
Little bacteria guys in pairs is indicative of S. pneumoniae
Little bacteria guys hanging out in colonies is indicative of H. Influenzae
H. Influenza is antiphagocytic because of Polysaccharide capsule
IgA protease in H. influenza helps it Invade
Nontypable strains do not respond to the Hib vaccine because They lack a capsule
Treatment of epiglottitis is 3rd gen cephalosporin (ceftriaxone)
Epiglottitis is extremely reduced due to the Hib vaccine
A conjugate vaccination produces Tcell memory and immune-specific IgG
A T cell independent vaccine produces No memory and IgM
Bacterial tracheitis is also referred to as Pseudomembranous Croup
Bacterial tracheitis is found mostly in ages 6 months-8 years old
Clinical presentation of bacterial tracheitis Acute onset, high fever, respiratory distress, no pain on swallowing, do no respond to LTB therapy (racemic epinephrine and dexamethasone)
A steeple sign is indicative of Croup
Most common cause of bacterial tracheitis Staph aureus
Treatment for bacterial tracheitis Clindomycin or Vancomycin and a Cephalosporin, intubation, suction
Extubate patient when? After 3-7 days
Lateral view xray for bacterial tracheitis appears Hazy with intraluminal soft tissue irregularities
Created by: mcasto
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