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joints
level 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Q Where is the origin of the brachialis m. in relation to the deltoid tuberosity? Also, what is the insertion of this m.? | A The brachialis originates just inf/ant to the deltoid tube. on the humerus, and inserts into the CORONOID process/tube of the ulna. |
| Q What m. is the primary flexor of the elbow at any position? | A Brachialis |
| Q What is the innervation of the brachialis m.? | A musculocutaneous (becomes the lat antebrachial cutaneous), and could have some radial as well |
| NOTE the brachialis forms part of the floor of the cubital fossa N431, 447 | NOTE the ulnar n. is medial to the ulnar a. N448 |
| Q What structure divides the origins of the lat/short heads of the triceps brachii? | A The musculospiral groove of the humerus. The lat head originates sup, and the short is inf N432 |
| Q T/F the 3 heads of the triceps m. insert on the olecranon process of the radius. | A F, it's the olecranon process of the ULNA |
| Q There is a septum that divides the ant/pos compartments of the arm. What m. are found on each side of this septum? *** | A He never specified, but he did say this would be on the practical. It looks like the brachialis = ant, and the short & lat heads of the triceps = pos. See N435, middle slice. |
| Q The radial n. passes between which heads of the triceps m.? | A Between the lat/short heads of the triceps m. and into the musculospiral groove of the humerus |
| Q The radial n. passes between the lat/short heads of the triceps m., and into the musculospiral groove of the humerus. What other vessel accompanies it? | A The deep a. of the arm. Note this is a branch off the brachial a. N434 |
| Q What is the space called that is found between the lat/long heads of the triceps m., and the teres major? | A The "triangular interval", note that this is where the radial n. and the deep brachial a. pass |
| Q Where is the triangular interval in relation to the quad space? What separates these two areas? | A Inf., separated by the teres major |
| Q What are the prox/distal borders of the brachial a.? | A The teres major = prox, to the cubital fossa = dist |
| Q As the brachial a. travels down the arm, on which side of it is the radial n. found? | A The radial n. travels medially to the brachial a. |
| Q The brachial a. sticks to the med portion of the arm, and gives rise to what 3 branches? | A First, the deep brachial a., then the sup (2nd) and inf (3rd) ulnar collateral aa. N434 |
| Q What is the fate of the sup/inf ulnar collateral aa. that branch off the brachial a? | A They become the ant (from inf) and pos (from sup) ulnar recurrent aa. and eventually anastamose w/ the ulnar a. N434 |
| Q What is the fate of the deep brachial a. after it branches off the brachial a.? *** | A It becomes the radial collateral a., then the radial recurrent, and then hence the names anastamoses w/ the radial a. *** |
| Q The deep veins of the arm are small and a waste of time. There are two larger superficial veins though of importance. What are they and where do they go. Remember, veins are going back to heart | A The cephalic, which enters the deltopectoral triangle, and the basilic which is more medial. Both enter into the axillary vein. |
| Q At the distal end of the arm, there is a vein that connects the cephalic and basilic vv., what is it? *** | A The median cubital v., found running over the cubital fossa *** |
| Q Trace the lat antebrachial cutaneous n. back to the brachial plexus. It's not as hard as it sounds | A let antebrachial cutaneous n. into the musculocutaneous n. (through coracobrach m.) and then into the lat cord N474 |
| Q The notes say that the radial n. gives off the pos. antebrachial cutaneous n. at the level of the lat epicondyle of the humerus. N 477 looks a lot higher. The name is self explanatory. What is the function of this n.? | A sensory to pos forearm |
| Q What are the terminal branches of the radial n.? Where do these branch off? | A The sup terminal branch and the deep terminal branch split off the radial n. after it passes through the lat intermuscular septum. superficial is sensory, and deep is motor |
| Q This n. in the arm is formed by contributions from both lat/med cords and doesn't do much above the elbow. | A Median n. |
| Q What n. innervates the flexors of the forearm, AND pierces the pronator teres m.? | A median n. Remember the difference between pronator teres syndrome and carpal tunnel syndrome N 475 |
| Q Of the three major nn. of the arm/forearm, which passes pos to the elbow on it's way down? | A The ulnar, it passes pos to the med epicondyle of the humerus N476 |
| Q What m. does the ulnar n. travel below on it's way to the hand? | A The flexor carpi ulnaris m. N476 |
| Q The ulnar a. branches off the brachial. a. What n. does this BV travel with in the forearm, and how/where does it enter the hand? | A The ulnar a. travels with the ulnar n. in the forearm, and these enter the hand through a separate (from the carpal tunnel) tunnel made by the hamate/pisiform N448, 476 |
| Q What are the lat/med borders of the cubital fossa? | A brachioradialis = lat, and pronator teres = med. |
| Q What part of the cubital fossa does the bicipital aponeurosis of the biceps brachii m. form? | A roof |
| Q What mm. form the floor of the cubital fossa? | A insertion of brachialis m. and supinator |
| Q Superficial to the cubital fossa is a vein. What is it? *** | A median cubital v. *** |
| Q Make sure and find the separation of the radial/ulnar aa. in the arm. | Remember that the ulnar a. gives off ant/pos recurrent aa., and the radial branches off the radial recurrent a., all of which travel back up to the brachial a. |
| Q Aside from the recurrent aa. that branch off the ulnar a., what is an important branch to remember? *** | A The common interosseous a.*** |
| Q The common interosseous a. branches off the ulnar a., and then splits. Where do it's branches travel?*** | A The ant/pos interosseous aa. travel on both sides of the interosseous membrane in the forearm.*** |
| NOTE there will be 1 question on the anatomy of the ulna on the practical pg 14 in notes | NOTE there will also be 1 question on the radius, also pg 14 in notes |
| Q What type of joint is the elbow? | A hinge, diarthrotic, synovial |
| Q What shape are the rad/lat and ulnar/med collateral lig's of the elbow in? | A Well, the notes say the radial is V shaped and the ulnar is a triangle. That equates to the same thing to me. Check out the attachments on pg 15 of the notes. N 438 |
| Q What two bursae are associated with the olecranon? | A The subcutaneous olecranon bursa between the skin and olecranon, and the subtendinous olecranon bursa between the olecranon and the tendon of the triceps m. N438 |
| Q What are the 3 origins of the supinator m.? *** | A The lat epicondyle of humerus, annular lig of the radius, and supinator fossa of the ulna N 440 |
| Q What m. separates the radial n. into deep/sup branches? | A supinator m. |
| Q This m. has two heads. One originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, and the other from the med aspect of the coronoid process of the ulna | A The pronator teres m. |
| Q What n. passes through the two heads of the pronator teres m.? | A median n. |
| Q What m. holds the distal ends of the radius and ulna together? | A the pronator quadratus m. |
| Q The mm. of the ant compartment of the forearm/superficial group all attach to what structure? | A Med epicondyle of the humerus |
| Q The flexor carpi radialis m. inserts into the base of which metacarpal? | A 2 N450 |
| Q This flexor of the forearm has a small m. mass and a long tendon. It does not insert into a bone in the hand, but passes over the flexor retinaculum, and into the palmar aponeurosis. | A palmaris longus N446 |
| Q The palmaris longus is useful for locating which n. at it's distal aspect? | A The median n., where it splits at the retinaculum |
| Q This m. forms most of the med forearm, and innervated by the ulnar n. Note, it is useful to find the ulnar a./n. | A flexor carpi ulnaris m. N446 |
| TA-DAAAA!!! FINALLY DONE! | Well, I am at least. |
| This joint allows movement and there are 5 types | Synovial |
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GrossAnatomy2
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