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Fungal RTI- Blue

Fungal infections of the respiratory tract- Blue 1/17/2013

QuestionAnswer
Dimorphism Exists in mycelial form in the soil and in yeast form in the body
Fugal infections are acquired by Spores from the mycelial form
Why does the yeast form have a longer life span in the body? It survives phagocytosis and therefor requires a specific cell-mediated response to be cleared
Histoplasmosis is common where? Ohio-Mississippi Valley
Histoplasmosis growth is commonly associated with guano of Birds, particularly starlings,chickens and bats
Histoplasmosis is acquired from Inhalation of conidia which is converted to yeast in the lungs
Disease progression of histoplasmosis is associated with Heavy infecting doses or immunodeficiency
Constant reinfection and resolution of histolplasmosis is often asymptomatic but presents with Granulomas in the lungs (common in the midwest)
Symptoms of progressed histoplasmosis Flu-like, patchy pneumonia that is chronic and relapsing
Classic pattern seen in histoplasmosis Snowstorm or buckshot
In immunocompromised patients with histoplasmosis, dissemination may occur to Spleen, Liver, Adrenals
Coccidiomycosis is commonly seen in regions of Southwestern US (Desert)
Peak infection rates of coccidiomycosis are found after a Desert rain
Coccidomycosis have a thick wall to protect from Heat in the Desert
Coccidomycosis replicates by Nuclear division which eventually walls off, leading to sacs of endospores
LIfe cycle of coccidomycosis Arthrospores are inhaled from desert soil and are converted to yeast. Yeast goes through nuclear division to form spherules which contain endospores which infect
Coccidomycosis symptoms Mild, flue-like illness, fever, cough, headache. Resolves in 2-6 weeks
Treatment for coccidomycosis Azole drugs, Amphotericin B
Treatment for histoplasmosis Azole drugs, Amphotericin B
North American Blastomycosis differs from Histoplasmosis in that it can also infect Dogs
Balstomycosis patients may initially present with Cutaneous lesions
Paracoccidiomycosis is limited to which areas Central and South America, Tropical and Subtropical areas
Paracoccidiomycosis presents with Cutaneous or mucocutaneous ulcers, especially in the oral and nasal cavities
Created by: mcasto
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