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Medical Terms
Introduction to Medical Terminology - Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abdominocentesis | Surgical puncture of the abdomen by a needle to withdraw fluid; abdominal paracentesis. |
| acronym | A contrived reduction of nouns |
| acute | Present or experienced to a severe or intense degree. |
| angiography | Examination by X-ray of blood or lymph vessels, carried out after introduction of a radiopaque substance. |
| appendectomy | A surgical operation to remove the appendix. |
| arteriosclerosis | The thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries, occurring typically in old age. |
| arthraligia | Pain in a joint. |
| colostomy | the construction of an artificial opening from the colon through the abdominal wall, thus bypassing a diseased portion of the lower intestine and permitting the passage of intestinal contents. |
| cyanosis | A bluish discoloration of the skin. |
| dermatologist | A doctor who specializes in the physiology and pathology of the skin. |
| diagnosis | The identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the symptoms. |
| diarrhea | A condition in which feces are discharged from the bowels frequently and in a liquid form. |
| edema | A condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body. |
| endarterial | of or relating to the intima of an artery. |
| eponym | the person for whom something (as a disease) is or is believed to be named |
| erythrocyte | A red blood cell that (in humans) is typically a biconcave disk without a nucleus. |
| fissure | A long, narrow opening or line of breakage made by cracking or splitting. |
| fistula | An abnormal or surgically made passage between a hollow or tubular organ and the body surface, or between two hollow or tubular organs. |
| gastralgia | stomachache: an ache localized in the stomach or abdominal region. |
| gastritis | Inflammation of the lining of the stomach. |
| gastroenteritis | Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, from bacterial toxins or viral infection. |
| gastrosis | disease of the stomach |
| hemorrhage | An escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel. |
| hepatomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the liver. |
| hypertension | Abnormally high blood pressure. |
| hypotension | Abnormally low blood pressure. |
| infection | invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues |
| inflammation | a protective tissue response to injury or destruction of tissues, which serves to destroy, dilute, or wall off both the injurious agent and the injured tissues. |
| interstitial | Relating to or situated in the small, narrow spaces between tissues or parts of an organ. |
| intramuscular | pertaining to the interior of muscle tissue. |
| laceration | A jagged wound or cut. |
| lesion | Any visible, local abnormality of the tissues of the skin, such as a wound, sore, rash, or boil. |
| mycosis | A fungal infection in or on a part of the body. |
| myelopathy | any functional disturbance and/or pathological change in the spinal cord |
| myopathy | any disease of muscle |
| myorrhexis | rupture of a muscle. |
| natal | pertaining to birth. |
| neonatology | the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the newborn. |
| neuritis | Inflammation of a nerve. |
| otorhinolaryngology | the branch of medicine dealing with the ear, nose, and throat. |
| palpation | the act of feeling with the hand; the application of the fingers with light pressure to the surface of the body for the purpose of determining the condition of the parts beneath in physical diagnosis. |
| palpitation | a subjective sensation of an unduly rapid or irregular heartbeat. |
| pathology | the branch of medicine dealing with the essential nature of disease, especially changes in body tissues and organs that cause or are caused by disease. |
| phalanges | the bones of the fingers and toes |
| poliomyelitis | an acute viral disease usually caused by a poliovirus and marked clinically by fever, sore throat, headache, vomiting, and often stiffness of the neck and back |
| prognosis | a forecast of the probable course and outcome of a disorder |
| prostate | a gland surrounding the bladder neck and urethra in the male; it contributes a secretion to the semen |
| pyoderma | any purulent skin disease. |
| pyrosis | a burning sensation in the esophagus, or below the sternum in the region of the heart, one of the common symptoms of indigestion |
| remission | diminution or abatement of the symptoms of a disease; the period during which such diminution occurs. |
| sign | an indication of the existence of something; any objective evidence of a disease, i.e., such evidence as is perceptible to the examining physician, as opposed to the subjective sensations (symptoms) of the patient. |
| supination | one of the kinds of rotation allowed by certain skeletal joints, such as the elbow and the wrist joints, which permit the palm of the hand to turn up. |
| suppuration | The formation or discharge of pus. Also called pyesis, pyopoiesis, pyosis. |
| supracostal | Located above the ribs. |
| symptom | any subjective evidence of disease or of a patient's condition, i.e., such evidence as perceived by the patient; a change in a patient's condition indicative of some bodily or mental state. |
| syndrome | a set of symptoms occurring together; the sum of signs of any morbid state; a symptom complex. |
| tonsillitis | Tonsillitis is an infection and swelling of the tonsils, which are oval-shaped masses of lymph gland tissue located on both sides of the back of the throat. |
| trauma | psychological or emotional damage. |
| triage | the sorting out of casualties of war or other disaster to determine priority of need and proper place of treatment. |
| viral | pertaining to or caused by a virus. |
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