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Chapter 1

intro to medical terminology

QuestionAnswer
abdominocentesis centesis of the belly to remove fluid for diagnosis.
acronym A word formed from the initial letters of other words
acute 1.(of a bad, difficult, or unwelcome situation or phenomenon) Present or experienced to a severe or intense degree. 2.(of a disease or its symptoms) Of short duration but typically severe.
angiography Examination by X-ray of blood or lymph vessels, carried out after introduction of a radiopaque substance.
appendectomy A surgical operation to remove the appendix.
arteriosclerosis The thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries, occurring typically in old age.
arthraligia Pain in a joint.
colostomy 1.A surgical operation in which a piece of the colon is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall so as to bypass a damaged part of the colon
cyanosis bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood
dermatologist a doctor who specializes in the physiology and pathology of the skin.
diagnosis 1.The identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the symptoms.
diarrhea A condition in which feces are discharged from the bowels frequently and in a liquid form.
edema A condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body
endarterial a terminal artery (as a coronary artery) supplying all or most of the blood to a body part without significant collateral circulation
eponym A person after whom a discovery, invention, place, etc., is named
erythrocyte A red blood cell that is typically a biconcave disk without a nucleus.
fissure Split or crack (something) to form a long narrow opening.
fistula An abnormal or surgically made passage between a hollow or tubular organ and the body surface, or between two hollow or tubular organs.
gastralgia stomachache: an ache localized in the stomach or abdominal region.
gatritis Inflammation of the lining of the stomach
gastroenteritis Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, from bacterial toxins or viral infection.
gastrosis Any disease of the stomach.
hemorrhage Excessive discharge of blood from the blood vessels; profuse bleeding.
hepatomegaly Abnormal enlargement of the liver.
hypertension Abnormally elevated blood pressure.
hypotension Abnormally low blood pressure, commonly considered to be levels below 100 diastolic and 40 systolic.
infection Invasion by and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms in a bodily part or tissue, which may produce subsequent tissue injury and progress to overt disease through a variety of cellular or toxic mechanisms.
inflammation localized protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury, or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling, and sometimes loss of function.
interstitial Relating to, occurring in, or affecting interstices.
intramuscular Within a muscle: an intramuscular injection.
laceration A jagged wound or cut.
lesion A wound or injury.
mycosis A fungal infection in or on a part of the body.
myelopathy Disturbance or disease of the spinal cord.
myopathy A disease of muscle tissue.
myorrhexis Tearing of a muscle.
natal 1.Of or relating to the place or time of one's birth.
neonatology that branch of pediatric medicine concerned with the newborn; the diagnosis and treatment of neonates.
neuritis Inflammation of a peripheral nerve or nerves, usually causing pain and loss of function.
otorhinolaryngology The study of diseases of the ear, nose, and throat.
palpation a method of examination in which the examiner feels the size or shape or firmness or location of something (of body parts when the examiner is a health professional
palpitation A noticeably rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat due to agitation, exertion, or illness.
pathology 1.The science of the causes and effects of diseases, esp. the branch of medicine that deals with the laboratory examination of samples of body tissue for diagnostic or forensic purposes typical behavior of disease.
phalanges the bones of the fingers and toes
poliomyelitis acute viral disease caused by a fever, sore throat, headache, vomiting, and often stiffness of the neck and back; these may be the only symptoms of the minor illness.
prognosis A prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease.
prostate The prostate gland.
pyoderma A pyogenic skin disease.
pyrosis heartburn
remission b. A condition or period in which something is remitted.
sign any objective evidence of a disease
supination one of the kinds of rotation allowed by certain skeletal joints, such as the elbow and the wrist joints, which permit the palm of the hand to turn up.
suppuration The formation or discharge of pus. Also called pyesis, pyopoiesis, pyosis
supracostal Located above the ribs.
symptom any subjective evidence of disease or of a patient's condition, i.e., such evidence as perceived by the patient; a change in a patient's condition indicative of some bodily or mental state.
syndrome a set of symptoms occurring together; the sum of signs of any morbid state; a symptom complex.
tonsillitis Tonsillitis is an infection and swelling of the tonsils, which are oval-shaped masses of lymph gland tissue located on both sides of the back of the throat.
trauma an injury to the infant during the process of being born.
triage the sorting out of casualties of war or other disaster to determine priority of need and proper place of treatment.
viral pertaining to or caused by a virus.
Created by: 160030
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