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Stack #112870
anat ch. 1 introduction
Question | Answer |
---|---|
anat. position - standing - feet | straight ahead, together |
anat. poition - standing up - hands | down at side, palm forward |
anat. position - standing up - eyes | straight ahead |
supine | face up, lying on back |
prone | face down |
anterior--posterior | front of body--back of body |
ventral--dorsal | same as anterior--same as posterior (for humans) |
medial--lateral | towards center of body--towards side of body |
superior--inferior | top of body--towards bottom |
cranial--caudal | towards head end--towards tail end |
proximal--distal | closest to center of body--furtherest from center of body |
superficial--deep | closest to surface--furtherest from surface |
p.o.r.--transverse | div. into superior and inferior sections (cross section) |
p.o.r.--saggital | div. into left and right |
midsagittal | equal right and left sections, down middle |
parasagittal | unequal left and right sections |
p.o.r.--frontal (coronal) | div. into anterior and posterior sections |
cephalon | head |
cephalon--1. cranium | surrounds brain |
cephalon--2. facies | face |
cervicis | a neck |
trunk-- 1. thoracis | chest |
trunk--2. dorsum | back |
abd. and pelvis div. into | quadrants or abdominopelvic regions |
abdominal quadrants | rug rlq luq llq |
right hypochondriac | nw |
epigastric | n |
left hypochondriac | ne |
right lateral abdominal | w |
umbilical | center |
left lateral abdominal | e |
right inguinal | sw |
hypogastric | s |
left inguinal | se |
upper extremity | arm |
u.e.-- 1. omos | shoulder |
u.e.-- 2. axilla | underarm |
u.e.-- 3. brachium | upper arm |
u.e.-- 4. antecubitis | anterior elbow |
u.e.-- 5. olecrannon | posterior elbow |
u.e.-- 6. antebrachium | lower arm, forearm |
u.e.-- 7. carpus | wrist |
u.e.-- 8. manus | hand (manual dexterity) |
manus-- 1. palma | palm |
manus-- 2. dorsum | back of hand |
manus-- 3. digits | fingers |
manus-- 4. pollex | thumb |
lower extremity | buttocks to tip of toes |
l.e.-- 1. gluteus | buttocks |
l.e.-- 2. inguen | groin |
l.e.-- 3. femoral region | thigh |
l.e.-- 4. knee | knee |
knee-- 1. patellar region | front, anterior |
knee-- 2. popliteus | posterior |
l.e.-- 5. crus | anterior lower leg |
l.e.-- 6. sura | posterior lower leg |
l.e.-- 7. tarsus | ankle |
l.e.-- 8. pes | foot |
foot--planta | bottom of foot |
foot-dorsum | top of foot |
foot--calcaneus | heel |
foot--digits | 4 toes |
foot--hallux | big toe |
body cavities (2) | dorsal (posterior) and ventral (anterior) |
dorsal cavity-- 1. cranial cavity | brain (inside cranial cavity) |
dorsal cavity-- 2. vertebral (spinal) cavity | spinal cord |
ventral (anterior) cavities | thoracic (chest) cavity and abdominopelvic (below diaphragm) |
thoracic cavity--pleural cavities | lung space |
thoracic cavity--mediastinum | space between lungs |
mediastinum--pericardial cavity | contains heart |
mediastinum--other structures | wind pipe, blood vessels, nerves |
ventral cavity--abdominopelvic cavity | below diaphragm, subdivided into: 1. abdominal 2. pelvic |
serous membranes types (2) | parietal, visceral |
parietal serous membrane | lines cavity wall |
visceral serous membrane | on surface of internal organ |
plurae | membrane for lungs |
parietal pleura | lines wall of pleural cavity |
visceral pleura | on outer surface of lungs |
serous fluid | lubricant in between parietal and visceral membranes |
pericardia | associated with heart |
parietal pericardium | lines pericardial cavity |
visceral pericardium | on outer surface of heart |
peritonea | found in abdominal cavity |
parietal peritomium | lines wall of abdominal cavity |
visceral peritonium | found on surface of abdominal organs |
mesenteries | serous membranes that connect parietal and visceral peritoneum |