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Anatomy

Mrs Eastham

QuestionAnswer
Most stationary part of a muscle origin
End of muscle undergoing the greatest movement insertion
between the origin and insertion belly
isometric length of muscles doesnt change, but amount of tension increases
isotonic amount of tension is constant, but length of the muscle changes
without oxygen anaerobic respiration
with oxygen aerobic respiration
constant tension produced by a muscle for a long period of time muscle tone
fast twitch contract and fatigue quickly
slow twitch contract slowly and dont fatigue as quickly
muscles that work together synergists
work in opposition antagonists
prime mover among synergists, the muscle that plays the biggest role in the desired movement
contractility ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force
excitability capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus
extensibility ability to be stretched
elasticity ability to recoil after being stretched
skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath epimysium
another connective tissue located outside the epimysium fascia
loose connective tissue that surrounds the muscle perimysium
muscle fibers muscle cells
each muscle fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath endomysium
threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other myofibrils
actin myofilaments thin
myosin myofilaments thick
basic structural and functional unity of the muscle sarcomeres
outside of most cell membranes positively charged
inside of most cell membranes negatively charged
nerve cells that carry action potential to skeletal muscle fibers motor neurons
neuromuscular junction synapse
single motor neuron and all the the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates motor unit
presynaptic terminal enlarged nerve terminal
synaptic cleft space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell
muscle fiber postsynaptic terminal
synaptic vesicles secrete a neurotransmitter called actetylcholine
breaks down acetylcholine acetlycholinesterase
when sarcomeres shorten muscles shorten
sliding of actin and myosin myofilaments past one another sliding filament mechanism
muscle twitch contraction of an entire muscle
muscle fiber does not respond until it reaches threshold
all or none response muscle fiber contracts maximally
time between application of a stimulus and the beginning of contraction lag phase
time of contraction contraction phase
time during which the muscle relaxes relaxation phase
when the muscle remains contracted without relaxing tetany
increase in motor units recruitment
adenosine triphosphate ATP
ATP is needed for energy in muscle contraction
ATP is produced in mitochondria
occipitofrontalis raises eyebrows
oribicularis oculi closes eyelids
orbicularis oris pucker lips
buccinator flatten cheeks
zygomaticus smiling
levator labii superioris sneering
depressor anguli oris frowning
mastication chewing
muscle fatigue when ATP is used faster than it can be produced
muscles are named according to location, size, shape, origin, insertion, and function
intrinsic changes shape of tongue
extrinsic moves tongue
muscles help produce heat essential to keep normal body temperature
the charge difffernce across the membrane resting membrane potential
brief reversal of the charge action potential
synaptic cleft secretes a neurotransmitter acetylcholine
points of attachment on each muscle origin and insertion
temporalis and masseter combine for mastication
sternocleidomastoid prime mover and lateral neck muscle
erector spinae on each side of vertebral column to help with standing
external intercostal deviates ribs during inspiration
internal intercostal contracts during forces expiration
diaphragm dome shaped muscle that seperates thoracic cavity from abdoninopelvic cavity
smooth muscle no striation
cardiac muscle found in the heart-striated and not controllable
skeletal muscle responsible for movement of the body
skeletal muscle only voluntary muscle
Created by: xfcholland
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