Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anatom one
Anatomt
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tissue sheath that surrounds the each skeletal muscle | epimysium |
| ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | contractility |
| capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | excitability |
| ability to be stretched | extensibility |
| ability to recoil to their original resting length | elasticity |
| connective tissue outside of the epimysium | fascia |
| muscle is composed of numerous bundles called | fasciculi |
| loose connective tissue that surrounds the fasciculi | perimysium |
| connective tissue sheath that surrounds each muscle fiber | endomysium |
| cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with | myofibrils |
| two major kinds of protein fibers | actin & myosin myofilaments |
| thin myofilaments | actin |
| thick myofilaments | myosin |
| actin and myson myofilaments form highly ordered units called | sarcomeres |
| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | motor neurons |
| each branch that connects to the muscle forms a | neuromuscular (synapse) |
| a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called a | motor unit |
| the enlarged nerve terminal is the | presynapsis terminal |
| each sarcomere extends from __ line to another __ line | Z |
| The arrangement of ___ and ___ give a banded appearance. | actin, myosin |
| on each side of the Z line is a light area called an __ band that consists of actin. | I |
| The __ band extends the length of the myosin and is the darker central region in each sarcomere. | A |
| In the center of each sarcomere is another light area called the __ zone consisting of only myosin | H |
| myosin myofilaments are anchored in the center of the sarcomere at a dark staining band called the __ line | M |
| resting membrane potential | the charge difference across the membrane. |
| action potential | the brief reversal back of the charge |
| motor neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
| while axons enter the muscles and branch, each branch that connects to the muscle forms a _____, or ____ near the center of the cell | neuromuscular junction, synapse. |
| motor unit | a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
| presynaptic terminal | the englarged nerve terminal |
| synaptic cleft | the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell |
| postsynaptic terminal | muscle fiber |
| each presynaptic terminal contains | synaptic vesicles |
| synaptic vesicles secrete a neurotransmitter called | acetylcholine |
| the acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is rapidly broken down by an enzyme... | acetylcholinesterase |
| muscle contraction occurs... | when actin and myosin myofilaments slide past one another causing the sarcomeres to shorten, causing the muscle to shorten. |
| sliding filament mechanism | sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction. H and I bands shorten, A do not. |
| muscle twitch | contraction of an entire muscle in response to stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers. |
| a muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level called | threshold |
| all-or-none response | the point when the muscle fiber will contract maximally |
| lag phase | the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction |
| contraction phase | time of contraction |
| relaxation phase | time during which the muscle relaxes |
| tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
| recruitment | increase in number of motor units being activated |
| ATP (adenosine triphosphate) | needed for energy for muscle contraction, produced in the mitochondria, short lived and unstable. |
| creatine phosphate | high-energy molecule ATP can store |
| anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
| aerobic respiration | with oxygen, more efficient |
| oxygen debt | amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replenish the depleted stores of creatine phosphate stores in muscle cells. |
| muscle fatigue | resluts when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than what it can be produced in the muscle cells |
| 2 types of muscle contractions | isometric, isotonic |
| isometric (equal distance) | the length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contraction process. |
| isotonic (equal tension) | the amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but the length of the muscle changes. |
| muscle tone | refers to constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time. keeps head up, back straight. |
| fast-twith fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly. well adapted to perform anaerobic metabolism. (white meat of chicken breast) |
| slow-twitch fibers | contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue. better suited for aerobic metabolism. (dark meat in chicken legs) |
| origin and insertion | points of attachment of each muscle |
| origin (head) | most stationary end of the muscle |
| insertion | end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
| belly | portion of the muscle between the origin and insertion |
| occipito frontalis | raises eyebrows |
| orbicularis oculi | closes eyelids |
| orbicularis | puckers lip |
| buccinator | flattens cheeks "trumpeters muscle" |
| zygomaticus | smiling |
| levator labii superious | sneering |
| depressor anguli oris | frowning |
| masticate | chewing, (temporalis, masseter) |
| tongue muscles | extrinsic, intrinsic |
| extrinsic | move tongue |
| intrinsic | change shape |
| synergists | muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements |
| antagonists | muscles that work in opposition to one another. |
| among a group of synergists, if one muscle plays the major role in accomplishing the | prime mover |
Created by:
lilbatbill9
Popular Anatomy sets