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chapt 6 uhadiohg
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| To shorten or develop tension. | Contraction |
| Muscle cells. | Muscle Fibers |
| Thin connective tissue surrounding each muscle cell. | Endomysium |
| Connective tissues enveloping bundles of muscle fibers. | Perimysium |
| A bundle of nerve or muscle fibers bound together by tissue. | Fascicle |
| Plasma membrane. | Sarcolema |
| The sheath of fibrous connective tissue surrounding a muscle. | Epimysium |
| The smallest contractive unit of muscle. | Sarcomere |
| One of the principle contractive proteins found in muscle. | Myosin |
| A contractile protein of muscle. | Actin |
| Speacialzed smooth endoplasmic reticulum. | Sarcoplasmic Reticulum |
| A motor neuron and all the muscle cells it supplies. | Motor Unit |
| Neuron process that carries impulses away from the nerve cell body. | Axon |
| A chemical transmitter substance released by certain nerve endings. | Acetylcholine |
| Muscles that are unable to contract even though it is still stimulated. | Muscle Fatigue |
| The moveable attatchment of a muscle as opposed to its origin. | Insertion |
| Muscles cooperating with another muscle or muscle group to produce a desired movement. | Synergists |
| Muscles that act in opposition to an agonist or prime mover. | Antagonist |
| Muscles acting to imobilize a joint or bone. | Fixators |
| Muscle consisting of spindle fibers, unstripped muscle cells. | Smooth Muscle |
| Specialized muscle of the heart. | Cardiac Muscle |
| Muscles that are unable to contract even though it is still stimulated. | Muscle Fatigue |
| Contraction in which muscles do not shorten. | Isometric Contractions |
| Attatchment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during muscular contraction. | Origin |
| Myofilaments are successful in their sliding movements, the muscle shortens and movement occurs. | Isotonic Contractions |
| The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force. | Contracility |
| The capacity of skeltal muscle to resopond to a stimulus. | Excitabililty |
| Ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched. | Elasticity |
| the ability to be stretched | Extensibility |
| Another connective tissue located outside of the epimysium. | Fascia |
| A threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to another. | Myofibrilis |
| The charge difference across the membrane | Resting Membrane Potential |
| The brief reversal back of the charge | Action Potential |
| Each branch that connects to the muscle forms | synapse |
| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | Motor Neurons |
| The enlarged nerve terminal | Presynaptic Terminal |
| The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell | synaptic cleft |
| the muscle fiber | Postsynaptic Terminal |
| Each presynaptic Terminal contains | Synaptic Vesicles |
| The sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments slide past one another causing the sacromeres to shorten | Sliding Filament Mechanism |
| A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers | muscle twitch |
| A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level called | Threshold |
| The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction | Lag Phase |
| the time of the contraction is | Contraction Phase |
| The time when the muscle relaxes | Relaxation Phase |
| Where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing | Tetany |
| the increase in number of motor units being activated | Recruitment |
| needed for energy for muscle contraction | ATP |
| a high energy molecule stocked by ATP | Creatine Phosphate |
| without oxygen | Anaerobic Respiration |
| with oxygen | Aerobic Respiration |
| amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to gluclose | Oxygen Debt |
| when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells | Muscle Fatigue |
| the length of the muscle does not change but the amount of tension increases during the contraction process | isometric |
| the amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but the length of the muscle changes | isotonic |
| constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time | muscle tone |
| contract quickly and fatigue quickly | fast-twitch fibers |
| contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue | slow-twitch fibers |
| most stationary end of the muscle | origin |
| end of the muscle undergoing the greatest moviement | insertion |
| portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion | belly |
| muscles that work together | synergists |
| muscles that work against eachother | anatagonist |
| if one muscles plays a major role in accomplishing the desired movement | prime mover |
| raises eyebrows | occipitofrontals |
| closes eyelids | orbicularis oculi |
| puckers lips | orbicularis oris |
| flattens the cheeks | buccinator |
| smiling | zygomaticus |
| sneering | levator labili superiors |
| frowning | depressor anguli oris |
| chewing | mastication |
| moves the tongue | extrinsic |
| changes the shape of the tongue | intrinsic |
Created by:
alirenea19
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