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7thgradehistorytest4
Empires of Mesopotamia
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who were city-states prone to attack by? | nomads |
| Why did Lugal-gals replace priests as rulers of the city-states? | they needed stronger military leaders |
| Lugal-gals eventually would become kings if they won battles, what did kings rule over? | city-states |
| What did more powerful city-states taking over other city-states lead to? | the creation of empires |
| When was the time period that the Akkadian Empire existed? | 2300- 2100 BCE |
| Which king was the first one to unite the city-states of Sumer into an empire? | Sargon of Akkad |
| What time did the Akkadian Empire get started? | circa 2300 BCE |
| Why was Sargon's empire unstable? | conquered city-states continued to fight for independence and Akkad was frequently invaded by rival warriors |
| Where in Mesopotamia did the power shift after the Akkadian empire fell? | north, south, north, south |
| To which groups of people did the fout power shifts go to after the Akkadian empire fell? | Assyrian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Babylonian |
| Who ruled the first Assyrian empire? | Shamshi, Adad |
| Who ruled the first Babylonian Empire? | Hammurabi |
| Who ruled the New Assyrian empire? | Tiglath-Pilesar III |
| Who ruled the Neo-Babylonian empire? | Nebuchadnezzar |
| Who ruled the Persian empire? | Cyrus the Great |
| What were Assyrians known for? | being ruthless warriors and killers |
| What lands did the New Assyrian empire cover? | lands from the Persian Gulf to Egypt to present-day Turkey |
| Why did the New Assyrian empire fall? | rebellions became difficult to control |
| What's the other name of the Neo-Babylonian empire? | Chaldeon empire |
| When did Nebuchadnezzar rule? | 605-562 BCE |
| What were Neo-Babylonians known for being under Nebuchadnezzar's rule? | great traders and conquerors |
| Why was Nebuchadnezzar able to gain control of the trade gateway of the Medditeranean Sea? | due to his conquests |
| What was Babylonian Captivity? | when the Jews were sent to be slaves in Babylon |
| Which god's temple did Nebuchadnezzar burm? | the Jewish god King Solomon |
| What were some Neo-Babylonian achievements? | wealth from conquests, the Hanging Gardens, Astronomy |
| Why did the Neo-Babylonian empire fall? | the empire had many enemies and Cyrus the Great conquered it |
| When did Cyrus the Great capture the Neo-Babylonian empire? | 539 BCE |
| Was Cyrus the Great a Persian ruler? | yes |
| What did ending Babylonian Captivity do for Cyrus? | it won him the gratitude of the Jews |
| Who ended Babylonian Captivity? | Cyrus the Great |
| How long did Cyrus's vast Persian empire last? | the next 200 years |
| Which civilizations was Assur the center of power for? | first Assyria and New Assyria |
| Which empire exiled peole from their homes to prevent rebellion? | New Assyria |
| Which civilization used governers, judges, and tax collectors? | first Babylonia |
| Which civilization developed cuneiform? | Sumer |
| Which empire did the Chaldeons and Medes join together to overthrow? | New Assyria |
| Who were early city-states ruled by? | priests |
| Which civilzation's city-states did priests rule? | Sumer |
| Which civilization had a new oranized and unified set of laws set up? | first Babylonia |
| Which empire(s) captured major cities? | New Assyria and Neo-Babylonia |
| Which civilization invented writing by using pictographs? | Sumer |
| Which civilizations was Babylon the center of power for? | first Babylonia and Neo-Babylonia |
| Which early Mesopotamian civilizations was(were) in southern Mesopotamia? | Sumer, First Babylonia, Neo-Babylonia |
| Which early Mesopotamian civilizations was in northern Mesopotamia | First Assyria and New Assyria |
| Which year did 12 Great Sumerian city-states exist by? | 3000 BCE |
| During which years did Hammurabi of Babylon rule? | 1792–1750 BCE |
| When was the ziggurat at Ur constructed | 2600 BCE |
| When did groups of hunters-gatherers settle along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and start farming? | 8500 BCE |
| When were the Hanging Gardens of Babylon are constructed? | 600 BCE |
| When did the Sumerians invent the wheel and the sailboat to help them transport goods? | 3500 BCE |
| When did writers simplify pictographs into wedge-shaped cuneiform? | 2500 BCE (or c. 2400) |