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Stack #109519

Muscular System

muscular systemchapter 4
bi- twice, double, two
-cele hernia, tumor, swelling
-desis to bind, tie together
fasci/o fascia, fibrous band
-ia noun ending
-ic noun ending
kinesi/o movement
-lysis destruction, loosening, setting free
my/o muscle
-plegia paralysis, stroke
-rrexis rupture
tax/o coordination, order
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o tendons
ton/o tension, tone, stretching
tri- three
fascia sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports and separates muscles
tendons narrow band of dense, fibrous connective tissue, attaches muscle to bone
skeletal muscles make body motions possible, striated (striped appearance), voluntary (conscious control)
smooth muscles move and control flow of fluids, unstriated (not striped), involuntary (controled by nervous system), visceral (found in large internal organs)
cardiac muscle myocardium, like striated in appearance but like smooth in action
kinesiology study of muscular activity and movement of body parts
antagonistic muscles work in opposition to each other to create movement
contraction tightening of muscle
relaxation return to original form
muscle tone tonus, normal state of balanced muscle tension
muscle innervation stimulation of muscle by an impulse
abduction movement away from midline
adduction movement toward midline
flexion bending a limb at a joint
extension straightening out a limb
elevation raising/lifting a body part
depression lowering a body part
rotation circular movement around an axis
circumduction circular movement of limb at far end
supination rotating arm/leg so palm/sole is turned forward or upward
pronation rotating arm/leg so palm/sole is turned downward/backward
dorsiflexion bends foot upward at ankle
plantar flexion bends food downward at ankle
muscle origin more fixed attachment/ end nearest midline
muscle insertion more moveable, end farthest from midline
orthopedic surgeon treats injuries and disorders of bones, joints,muscles, and tendons
neurologist treats cause of paralysis and similar disorders
cardiologist treats disorders of the cardiac muscles
adhesion band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally
muscle atrophy weakness/ wasting away of muscle tissue
hernia protrusion of part or structure through tissues normally containing it
myocele protrusion of muscle through its ruptured sheath or fascia
contracture abnormal shortening of muscle
intermittent claudication symptons including cramplike pain of leg muscles caused by poor circulation
spasm cramp, sudden, violent, involuntary contraction
spasmodic torticollis wryneck, stiff neck due to spasmodic contractions of neck muscles
brady- slow
tardive dyskinesia late appearance caused by side effect of long term antipsychotic drugs
-clonus violent action, spasm, twitching
singultus hiccups
myasthenia muscle weakness from any cause
myasthenia gravis muscle weakness most frequently affects muscles of eyes, chewing, swallowing, coughing and facial expression
muscular dystrophy inherited disorder that causes muscle weakness without affection nervous system
fibromyalgia syndrome unknown cause characterized by widespread aching pain, tender points, and fatigue
impingement syndrome tendons become inflamed and get cought in narrow space between bones within shoulder joint
radicul/o nerve root
cervical radiculopathy nerve pain caused by pressuer on spinal nerve roots in neck region
plantar fascitis heel spurs, bony growths on dorsal surface of heel bone
-paresis partial, incomplete paralysis
electromyography records the strength of muscle contractions
Created by: worker
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