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US Govt Vanguard
Chapter 7 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Politcal organizations | Parties and interests groups that function as intermediaries between individuals and government |
| Political Parties | Organizations that seek to achieve power by winning public office |
| Federalists | Those who supported the U.S. Constitution during the ratification process and who later formed a political party in support of John Adam's presidential candidacy |
| Anti-Federalists | Those who opposed the ratifications of the U.S. Constitution and the creation of a strong national government |
| Majority | Election by more than 50 percent of al votes cast in the contest |
| Plurality | Election by at least one vote more tha any other candidate in the race |
| Democratic Party | One of the main parties in american politcs; it traces its orgins to Thomas Jefferson's Democratic-Republican Party, acquiring its current name under Andrew Jackson in 1828 |
| Whig Party | Formed in !836 to oppose Andrew Jackson's policies; it elected presidents Harrison in 1840 and Tyler in 1848 but soon disintergrated over the issue of slavery |
| Republican Party | One of the main parties in american politics; it traces its origin to the anti-slavery and nationalist forces that united in the 1850's and nominated Abraham Licoln for president in 1860 |
| GOP | "Grand Old Party" Popular Label for the republican party |
| New Deal | Policies of Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Depression of the 1930's that helped form a Democratic Party coalition of urban-working class, Jewish, poor, and southern voters |
| Fair Deal | Policies of President Harry Truman extending Roosevelt's New Deal and maintaining the Democratic Party's voter coalition |
| Great Society | Policies of Presidential Lyndon Johnson that promised to solve the nation's social and economic problems through government intervention |
| Reagan Coalition | Combinstion of economic and social conservaties, religious fundamentalists, and defense-minded anti-communists who rallied behind Rebuplican President Ronald Regan |
| Responsible Party model | System in which competitive parties adopt a platform of principles, recruiting candidates and directing campaigns based on the flatform, and holding their elected officials responsible for enacting it |
| party polarization | The tendency of the Democratic Party to take more liberal positions and the Republican Party to take more conservative positions on key issues |
| nominee | Political party's entry in a general election race |
| nominations | Political party's selections of its candidates for public office |
| primary elections | Elections to choose party nominees for public office; may be open or closed |
| machines | Tightly disciplined party organizations, headed by a boss, that rely on material rewards-including patronage jobs- to control politics |
| patronage | Appointment to public office based on party loyalty |
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