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ClinAnatomyLowerLimb
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What important structures pass through the femoral triangle? | Femoral nerve, artery, vein, and lymphatics. |
| What structures are within the femoral sheath? | femoral artery vein and lymphatics, but not the nerve |
| what is in the femoral canal? | lymphatics - this is an area of weakness where a femoral hernia may occur. |
| Name the tarsals. | Calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid |
| Do you feel ready for finals and your break? | Of course! You are going to do great! Enjoy your time off! |
| What is the action of the gluteal muscles? | extend, rotate and abduct the hip |
| what are the major hip flexors? Where do they originate and insert? | iliopsoas (iliacus and psoas) posterior abdominal wall (vertebrae) and the femur |
| Name the hamstrings? What compartment are they and what is their function? | biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus. Just like the biceps of the arm is a flexor, the biceps of the posterior compartment of the thigh is a flexor - of the knee |
| What nerve innervates the posterior thigh? | sciatic nerve (tibial portion) |
| Name the quadriceps femoris muscles. | rectus femoris plus 3 vastus muscles (intermedius, lateralis and medialis) |
| What nerve and what artery supply the anterior compartment of the thigh? | femoral artery and femoral nerve |
| The medial compartment of the thigh is innervated by ___________. Its functon is __________________. | obturator nerve; adduction |
| The function of the anterior leg compartment is _____________. What nerve supplies this compartment? | dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle; disruption of the common fibular nerve leads to foot drop (plantar flexion) due to weakness in dorsiflexion. |
| Name the 3 superficial muscles of the posterior leg compartment. | gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris. gastroc and soleus form the calcaneal (achilles tendon) |
| What nerve innervates the posterior leg? | Tibial nerve |
| What spinal segments supply the lower limb? | L1-S3 |
| what dermatome overlies the area of the inguinal ligament? | L1 |
| What dermatome is the 5th toe? | S1 |
| What dermatome is the great toe? | Medial 1st toe is L4 but lateral aspect and space b/w 1st and 2nd toe is L5. Some dermatome maps just show 5 for the great toe. |
| What dermatome is the 2nd toe? | L5 |
| What spinal cord level is tested by the ankle reflex? | S1 and S2 |
| Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh supplies ________________ | sensation to anterolateral thigh (no motor) Often called lateral femoral cutaneous nerve |
| What 2 nerves of the lower limb pass under the inguinal ligament? | femoral and lateral femoral cutaneous |
| what nerve curves around the neck of the fibula? | common fibular nerve |
| Follow the course of the external iliac artery to the foot with its name changes. | external iliac becomes femoral which becomes the popliteal which divides into anterior and posterior tibial arteries. The dorsalis pedis artery is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery |
| What artery supplies deeper structures of the thigh? | Profunda femoris (aka deep femoral or deep artery of the thigh) |
| Claudication in the legs is due to ------------ | peripheral arterial disease - generally atherosclerotic lesions |
| What is the course of the great saphenous vein? | It is along the medial aspect of the leg and the thigh. It located anterior to the medial malleolus. |
| What is the adductor canal? | It is the passageway for the femoral vessels to go through the thigh from the femoral triangle to the popliteal fossa |
| Which of the menisci is attached to its associated collateral ligament? | The medial |
| Forward movement of the tibia during the anterior drawer test indicates a torn ____________ | ACL |
| Which is stronger: the medial or lateral ankle ligaments? | The medial (deltoid) ligament |
| What pulse can be palpated inferior to the inguinal ligament midway between ASIS and the pubic symphysis? | Femoral |
| What is the recommended location for administration of gluteal IM injections? What are we trying to avoid? | The Upper lateral quadrant. Sciatic nerve. |
| Where is the tarsal tunnel? What artery goes through the tarsal tunnel? | posterior to the medial malleolus; posterior tibial artery |
| The medial malleolus is the distal aspect of what bone? | tibial (the fibula is lateral) |
Created by:
Dr. Hall
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