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Neuro overview
first neuro lecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| this plane is analagous to putting on a headband | coronal plane |
| this plane makes a cross section of the body | horizontal |
| this plane goes from front to back | saggital |
| the brain is divided into these three regions | cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem |
| the brainstem is divided into these categories | midbrain, pons, medulla |
| the cerebrum is divided into... | cerebral hemisphere, diencephalon |
| the diencephalon is divided into.... | thalamus, hypothalamus |
| the cerebral hemisphere is divided into... | cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, hippocampus |
| cerebral cortex divided into... | frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, limbic lobe |
| basal ganglia divided into... | caudate nucleus, lenticular nucleus |
| the interhemispheric fissure is also known as the... | saggital fissure |
| the lateral fissure is also known as the | sylvian fissure |
| the nervous system forms during development by... | folding of the neural tube |
| CNS develops from the... | neural tube |
| the forebrain develops from the | prosencephalon |
| the prosencephalon is divided into... | telencephalon, diencephalon |
| the midbrain forms from the.... | mesencephalon |
| the hindbrain develops from the... | rhombencephalon |
| the rhombencephalon is divided into... | metencephalon, myelencephalon |
| the cerebral hemispheres form from... | telencephalon |
| the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus develop from... | diencephalon |
| the cerebral peduncles, midbrain tectum and midbrain tegmentum form from... | Mesencephalon |
| the pons and cerebellum derive from... | metencephalon |
| the medulla develops from the... | myelencephalon |
| in this neural tube defect, the fetus is not viable. the cranial and pinal neural tube fail to close. | craniorachischisis |
| in this neural tube defect, there is no brain that forms, and the fetus is not viable | anancephaly |
| this is a viable fetus, but the spinal neural tube fails to close | spina bifida |
| in this condition, the split of the hemispheres of the brain does not occur | holoprosencephaly |
| in this condition, the brain is smooth and there are no gyri or sulci. thought to be due to abnormal migration of neurons during the third and fourth month | lissencephaly. |
| this lobe has the primary motor cortex. it is involved in decision making and working memory. known as the "executive lobe" | frontal lobe |
| this lobe has the frontal somatosensory cortex, and is responsible for math, reasoning, facial analysis, visual area for motion..etc. | parietal lobe |
| this is the primary auditory cortex. responsible for color and facial recogniztion | temporal lobe |
| this lobe is responsible for visual processing | occipital lobe |
| this system is involved in affect, emotion, hypothalamus and autonomic system | limbic system |
| this is sometimes considered a part of the limbic system and is respobsible for taste and pain | insula |
| for somatosensory and motor signal for lower extremity are located on the __________ outside of the brain, while signals for upper extremity are more __________ | lateral, midline |
| what are the six layers of the cerebral cortex | 1. molecular layer 2. external granular layer 3. external pyramidal layer 4. internal granular layer 5. internal pyramidal layer 6. polymorphic layer |
| what are the functions of each layer of the cerebral cortex | 1-3: associational connections, 4: afferent connections 5: efferent connections 6: associational connections |
| this part of the brain is made up of five nuclei that are involved with motor systems, cognitive functions, effective motion | basal ganglia |
| what are the five nuclei of the basal ganglia | caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, subthjalamic nucleus, substantia nigra |
| the thalamus is divided into..... | anterior, medial, lateral, and intralaminar groups of nuclei |
| the thalamus proivdes a gateway to the.... | cerebral cortex |
| the connections from the thalamus to the cerebral cortex follow defined pathways through the... | internal capsule |
| the anterior fibers of this commisure connect olfactory structures, and the posterior fibers connect the temporal cortex of both sides. | anterior commisure |
| this commisure connects the two sides of rostral midbrain and pretectal area. it is involved in consensual pupillary reflex and coordinating vertical eye movements | posterior comissure |
| this commisure interconnects the two hemispheres of the brain | corpus collasum |
| this part of the corpus collosum interconnects the orbital areas | rostrum |
| this part of the corpus collosum is the main interconnection between the two hemispheres | body |
| this part of the corpus collosum interconnects the prefrontal cortex | genu |
| this part of the corpus collosum interconnects temporal and occipital cortices | splenium |
| the anterior blood supply of the brain comes from..... | internal carotid |
| the posterior blood supply of the brain comes from the... | vertebral artery |
| what are watershed regions of the cerebrum? | ACA-MCA, MCA-PCA |
| the posterior horn develops from this embryological structure | alar plate |
| the anterior horn develops form this embryological structure | basal plate |
| what are the anatomical subdivisions of the cerebellum | anterior lobe, posterior lobe, flocculonodular lobe, vermis, medial hemisphere, lateral hemisphere |
| what are the functional subdivisions of the cerebellum? | vestibulocerebellum, spinocerebellum, cerebrocerebellum |
| infarcts in this artery of the brain are far more common due to the larger territory it covers | MCA |
| sudden occlusion of the internal carotid artery can cause infarct in this watershed region | ACA-MCA |
Created by:
aferdo01
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