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Branchial Arches Dev

Development of Branchial Arches

QuestionAnswer
What is the otic placode? Part of ear...increased development of the ectoderm
Name the 5 arches 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 (Whatever was in arch 5 went a little into 4 and 6)
What are auricular hillocks? Little bumps developing into the ear
Name anomalies of the external ear Two auricular appendages (One gets removed). Rudimentary auricle (Microtia): Primitive ear without a opening
What does each arch contain? Ectoderm, endoderm, cartilage and nerve
1st arch: Bones Mandible, incus and malleus
1st arch: Arteries Maxillary and part of external carotid
1st arch: Nerve Trigeminal
1st arch: Muscles Mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastrics, mastification muscles, tensor palantine and tensor tympani
2nd arch: Bones Upper hyoid bone (lesser part), stapes, styloid process
2nd arch: Artery Stapedial
2nd arch: Nerve Facial
2nd arch: Muscles Facial expression muscles, sylohyoid, posterior belly of digastric, stapedius
3rd arch: Bone Inferior part of hyoid (biggest part)
3rd arch: Arteries Common carotid and internal carotid
3rch arch: Nerve Glossophryngeal
3rd arch: Muscle Stylopharyngeus
4th and 6th arch: Cartilage Cartilage of larynx
4th arch: Arteries Aortic arch and right subclavian
4th and 6th arch: Nerve Vagus
6th arch: Arteries Pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosus
4th arch: Muscles Levator veli palatine, superior & middle & inferior pharyngeal constrictors, cricothyroid
6th arch: Muscles Intrinsic muscles of larynx
1st Pouch Auditory tube for balance
2nd Pouch Framework for migrating cells to become palatine tonsil. Palatine fossa
3rd Pouch Inferior parathyroid glands and thymus
4th Pouch Ultimobranchial body and superior parathyroid glands
Describe the development of the thyroglossal duct Thyroglossal duct will develop at base of tongue and thyroid gland develops at the end of it. It will disappear when the thyroid is where it needs to be. If it doesn't it can get trapped and cyst can develop
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