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AG- Test One
Study Guide for Test One
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who proposed that a government depends on the people for the authority to rule? | Jean-Jacques Rousseau |
| social contract | An agreement between people and their leaders. |
| The construction of roads, schools, and hospitals, the building of armies, and the provision of equal access to clean water are services usually provided by | local, state, and national governments |
| When is a government authoritarian, and not a totalitarian, regime? | When its strong rulers are checked by other forces within society |
| What distinguishes monarchies and oligarchies from democracies? | who participates in governing |
| Who formulated the idea that individuals have inalienable rights to life, liberty, and property? | John Locke |
| What is one key issue over which modern liberals and conservatives differ? | the role of the government |
| Advocates of which of the following political ideologies would support increasing the economic "safety net"? | socialists and liberals |
| What pushed Great Britain into enacting new legislation that eventually incited the American colonies to rebel and declare independence? | the cost of war with France and Native Americans |
| What radical principal lay behind the Declaration of Independence's premise that the people have a right to abolish a government? | the consent of the governed |
| Which document(s) convinced many colonists to rebel against Great Britain? | Common Sense by Thomas Paine |
| What event best showcased the inadequacies of the Articles of Confederation? | Shays's Rebellion |
| What concept made the new government formed by the U.S. Constitution stronger than the government formed by the Articles of Confederation? | national supremacy |
| Why did smaller states oppose the Virginia Plan? | The plan made representation in the legislature proportional to state population. |
| Components of the system of Checks and Balances in the Federal government (between the three branches) | Include Presidential veto, Judicial Review, Advice and Consent of the Senate. |
| The Supreme Court case that established the Supreme Court's power to interpret the U.S. Constitution (Judicial Review) | Marbury v. Madison |
| The inclusion of the Bill of Rights the U.S. Constitution | was based on demands made by the Anti-Federalists |
| Amendments to the U.S. Constitution can only be ratified if approved by | three-fourths of state legislatures or three-fourths of special state conventions |
| The government system established under the Articles of Confederation is an example of | confederal system |
| The United States today is an example of | federal system |
| The most popular type of government system that most countries have today is the | Unitary system |
| They authority to raise money, make policy, implement policy, and establish courts are examples of | Concurrent powers |
| Which Supreme Court case affirmed that national law is supreme to conflicting state law (Doctrine of National Supremacy) | McCulloch v. Maryland |
| The event that led to the passage of the Social Security Act of 1935 | The Great Depression |
| The branch of government that oversees Interstate Compacts | Congress |
| The power relationship that prevailed between the national government and the states between 1789 and 1932 | Dual Federalism |
| Presidents are most closely associated with new federalism, or devolution | Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan |
| which constitutional amendment (1913)powerfully enhanced the national government's ability to raise money? | Sixteenth Amendment |
| Which type of governmental transfer of funds gives states the most latitude in the use of the money? | Block Grants |
| The first ten Amendments to the Constitution that limited the power of the Federal Government | The Bill of Rights |
| The year that selective incorporation of the Bill of Rights was extended to the states for the first time. | 1925 |
| means of political expression guaranteed under the Constitution | speech, assembly, petition, and the press |
| Picketing, flag burning, or wearing an armband are all examples of | symbolic speech |
| The principle of prior restraint, established in the case of Near v. Minnesota, is about | censorship |
| Religion clauses of the First Amendment | bar the government from establishing a national religion, from favoring one group over another, and from interfering with individual religious practices |
| Supreme Court case that ruled against formalized prayer in schools | Engel v. Vitale |
| Supreme Court case, decided in 1965, established the right to privacy | Griswold v. Connecticut |
| four amendments known together as criminal due process rights | Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Eighth |
| A procedure allowing the people to vote to dismiss an elected official from office before his or her term has expired | Recall |
| The Great Compromise | proposed a bicameral legislature with equal representation in the Senate |
| Civil liberties represent | something that the government must do, such as guaranteeing to individuals a privilege |
| The New York Times v. United States case | affirmed the no prior restraint doctrine |
| The Supreme Court has based the right to privacy on | The First, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and the Ninth Amendments |
| Defamation in writing | Libel |
| A government where an elite few hold power | Oligarchy |
| Government in which supreme power of governance lies in the hands of citizens. | Democracy |
| a form of government structured by law, provides for limited government—a government that is restricted in what it can do so that the rights of the people are protected. | Constitutionalism |
| an economic system in which the means of producing wealth are privately owned and operated to produce profits. | Capitalism |
| an integrated system of ideas or beliefs about political values in general and the role of government in particular. | Political ideology |
Created by:
Minooshw
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