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Anato II heart
Embryology of hear:t High Yeild Facts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anbmormally narrowed right ventricular outflowtract (pulmonary infundibular stenosis)is one of the four components of ? | Teratology of Fallot |
| Teratology of Fallot occurs when | Ap septum fails to align properly with the AV septum. |
| Teratology of fallot resulting due to | an unequal division of the conus cordis and truncus arteriosum by the spriraling conotruncal septum |
| Overriding Aorta;Valvular and infundibular pulmonary stenosis; Large ventricular septal defect; Hypertrophic right ventricle | Four Charasteristics of TOF |
| Av sepetal defects are considered an type of endocardial __________ defect that results from incomplete formation of AV septum. Usually accompanied by AV valve abnormalities . | Cushion |
| Down syndrome usually associated with what type of defect | AV septal defect |
| Tricuspid atresia is a type of endocardial ______ defect. Insufficient amount of AV cushion available to form the trricuspid valve. | cushion |
| Cardiogenic cells of the PHF will specifically form | Both atria, The left ventricle, Right ventricle (part of it) |
| The cardiogenic heart cells reside in the splanchnic layer of | lateral plate mesoderm (splanchnopleure) |
| cardiogenic cells migrate toward the anterior portion of the embryo and position themselves rostral to the____. Become aranged in a U shaped region called ________ | buccopharyngeal membrane;Primary Heart Field |
| These cardiogenic cells appear slightly later (days 20 to 21) than those in the PHF | Secondary Heart field |
| SHF cells reside in the splanchnic layer of | lateral plate mesoderm. |
| Formation of Remainder of right ventricle (i.e., portion not formed by cardiogenic cells of PHF) | Secondary Heart Field (SHF) |
| Formation of Smooth portions of both ventricles | SHF |
| Formation of Outflow tract (i.e., proximal portions of aorta and pulmonary trunk) | SHF |
| The earliest sign of the heart is the appearance of paired cell cluster called____(approx. at day 21) | angioblastic cords |
| These angioblastic cords are the | heart primordium |
| In the cardiogenic area, the angioblastic cords lie __to the pericardial coelom (future pericardial cavity). | ventral |
| angioblastic cords are induced by the ____to remodel and form a pair of endocardial heart tubes. | endoderm of the foregut |
| As lateral embryonic folding occurs, the heart tubes approach each other and fuse to form | primitive heart tube |
| The primitive heart tube’s caudalmost ends do not fuse,they remain separate and are embedded in the | septum transversum |
| Septum transversum gives rise to the ______of the diaphragm and the connective tissue of the liver | central tendon |
| Heart is a tube consisting of an inner_____ and an outer myocardial layer | endothelial lining |
| The cardiac jelly is a thick secretion of the | primordial myocardium. |
| The ______is a gelatinous connective tissue that plays a central role in septation of the heart. | cardiac jelly |
| Forms endocardial cushions | cardiac jelly |
| The heart is initially suspended from the dorsal wall by a mesentery called | dorsal mesocardium. |
| Dorsal mesentery degenerates, forming a communication between the right and left sides of the | pericardial cavity |
| In the adult heart the remnants of the dorsal mesentery communication is the | transverse pericardial sinus |
| Mesothelial cells (splanchnopleure) from the region of the sinus venosus migrate over the heart to form the | epicardium |
| The single tubular heart begins to beat at about day___of development and begins to pump blood at about day __ | 22, 24 |
| Blood enters the primitive heart from the Placenta via ____ | umbilical veins |
| Blood enters the primitive heart from Yolk sac via _____ | vitelline veins |
| Blood enters the primitive heart from Embryo via____ | common cardinal veins |
| The single tubular heart develops a series of constrictions and expansions dividing it into dilatations | TA,BC,PV,PA,SV |
| True or False: Sinus venosus is the confluence of the right and left sinus horns, and each sinus horn collects blood from the veins. | True |
| The sinus venosus empties into the primitive_____, where blood is propelled into the primitive ____ | atrium, ventricle |
| Embrionic dialation troncus arteriosum gives rise to _____ | aorta and pulmonary trunk |
| Embrionic bulbus cordis gives rise to_____ | smooth part of Right V(conus ateriousum)and Left V(aortic vestibule) |
| Contrary to what the BRS book says, trabeculated part of right ventricle arises from the_______ | Bulbus cordis |
| Embrionic dialation primitive ventricle gives rise to_____ | Trabeculated part of left ventricle |
| Embrionic dialation primitive atrium gives rise to_____ | Trabeculated part of Right A, trabeculated part of Left A, |
| Coronary sinus and oblique vein Left A arise from which embrionic dilation? | sinus venosus |
| Embrionic dialation sinus venosus gives rise to_____ | smooth part of right atrium |
| Smooth part of right atrium is formed by the incorporation of parts of the _____into the atrial wall. | pulmonary veins |
| The junction of the trabeculated and smooth parts of the right atrium is called the____ | crista terminalis |
| Entire right ventricle arises from ___dilation | bulbus cordis |
| Smooth portions of both ventricles arises from | bulbus cordis |
| results in originally caudal inflow portion (atrium) becomes positioned dorsal to the outflow tract | cardiac looping |
| During cardiac looping, the caudal (atrial) portion bends | dorsally, cranially, and to the left |
| During cardiac looping, the _______ portion of the tube bends ventrally, caudally, and to the right. | cephalic |
| In_____, the caudal (atrial) portion of the primitive heart tube loops to the right instead of the left. | dextrocardia |
| _____are thickened cardiac jelly. | Endocardial cushions |
| They form on the dorsal and ventral walls of the common atrioventricular (AV) canal. | Endocardial cushions |
| The endocardial cushions also contribute to the formation of AV valves and the ____portion of the IV septum. | membranous |
| PHF cells are induced by underlying ____ to form cardiac myoblasts and blood islands. | forgut endoderm |
Created by:
rcraquel
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