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The Nervous System

QuestionAnswer
The three functions of the nervous system are... Sensory input, integration, and motor output.
Motor output is an example of a... function of the nervous system.
The division of the brain that consists of the brain and spinal chord is... The central nervous system
The division of the brain that consists of the nerves and ganglia is... The peripheral nervous system.
The cells in the nervous tissue that supports an nourishes neurons is... nueroglia
The cells in the nervous tissue that transmits nerve impulses... neurons
The body, dendrites, and the axon are the three major divisions of a... neuron
A bundle of axons in the PNS is a... nerve
A bundle of axons in the CNS is a... tract
This neuron carries sensory information from receptors to the CNS... sensory
This neuron carries impulses from the CNS to the muscles and glands. motor
These neurons form pathways in the CNS... interneurons
A nerve signal is known as... an action potential
The cell membrane has a ______ charge on the inside. negative
The cell membrane has a _______ charge on the outside. positive
The potential energy that exists across a cell membrane is called... resting membrane potential
Where does an action potential occur? the axon
At the start of an action potential, channels for sodium open, allowing it to move _____ the cell. into
The movement of sodium into the cell creates a ______ change in membrane potential, causing ___________. positive, depolarization
After depolarization, _______ channels close and _______ channels open. sodium, potassium
As potassium moves out, the cell becomes more _______, causing ________. negative, repolarization
In a myelinated axon, the potential jumps from one _________ to the next. node of Ranvier
The conduction of an action potential in a mylelinated neuron is... saltatory
The axon can branch into many endings that are known as... axon terminals
In the axon terminal there are _______ filled with neurotransmitters. vesicles
When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, channels for ______ open and ions move ____ the axon. calcium, into
Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to ______ on the _________ neuron. receptors, post-synaptic
The protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord are called.... meninges
The outermost layer of the meninges is the... dura mater
The middle layer of the meninges is the... arachnoid mater
The deepest layer of the meninges is the... pia mater
The empty space between the dura and arachnoid is the... and what does it contain.... subdural space it contains serous fluid
The space between the arachnoid and the pia is the... subarachnoid
The subarachnoid is full of... cerebrospinal fluid
The spinal cord begins at the base of the brain and travels through the large opening called the... formen magnum
What is the somatic nervous system? Voluntary actions that we chose to do
What is the autonomic nervous system? Involuntary actions that we undertake (E.g Breathing, however we can make this somatic)
What is the sympathetic division? Mobilises body systems during emergency situations 'flight or fight'
What is the parasympathetic division? Conserves energy, promotes non-emergency functions 'Rest and digest'
What is another word for the sensory division? Afferent
What is another word for the motor division? Efferent
What are myotomes? A group of muscles supplied by a single spinal nerve root. They control the movement of muscles. (Motor division)
What are dermatomes? An area of skin that is controlled by a single spinal nerve. They relay sensation to the brain. (Sensory division)
Barorecepetors baroreceptors function to inform the autonomic nervous system of beat-to-beat changes in blood pressure within the arterial system
chemoreceptors transmit nervous signals to the respiratory center in the brain to help regulate respiratory activity.
Dendrites they receive and carry incoming action potentials towards cell bodies.
Created by: cherrywashere
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