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Public Management
Midterm Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Civil Service | those positions in government that are filled and retained in processes that prohibit the consideration of partisan affiliation or support for an elected official |
| Machine Politics | the approach in elections that is hierarchically controlled and relies heavily on securing votes |
| Scientific Management | the assembly line approach in an organization or supervision that assumes that there is a single best way of doing something ,defines job accordingly |
| Spoils System | the practice of giving jobs to those who support victorious candidates in an election |
| Merit System | the policy prohibiting the hiring of people based on their partisan affiliation and support for elective office |
| Patronage | the treatment of jobs, contracts, or benefits of goods given to political supporters of parties and elected office |
| Affirmative Action | positive, proactive steps taken on a temporary basis to correct the effects of past discriminatory practices |
| Hatch Acts | acts passed in the 1937 and 1940 where it prohibited civil servants from engaging in political activities and support of an candidate in an election |
| Decision of 1789 | the endorsement by congress allowing the president to remove whom he or she appoints to positions without the advice and consent of the senate, as is required for confirming the appointment |
| Glass Ceiling/ Sticky Floor | a pattern in an organization or agency where minorities and women do no progress or rarely progress beyond a certain level |
| Reverse Discrimination | adverse treatment of white men based on their race and gender |
| Motivational Theory | conceptual framework linking work effort with the reasons why people work and word hard |
| Theory X | Perspective that employees do not like work and would avoid work if possible, thus needing managers to be coercive and strict managerial control |
| Theory Y | Perspective where employees like working and get enjoyment and satisfaction from working, thus needing managers who are supportive and provide |
| Attrition | the process of reducing staff by not replacing employees who have retired or resigned |
| downsizing | efforts taken to reduce number of employees in an agency |
| Reduction In Force | a layoff that occurs in order to downsize the staff in an agency, such as reorganization |
| Balance Workforce | the situation in which employees have the same distribution of social backgrounds as found in the public generally |
| Trait Rating | an evaluation on employees according to individual characteristics such as grooming, honesty, initiative, and friendliness |
| Performance Management | An explicit plan in which each employee has well defined goals, performance, evaluation and rewards and sanctions based on the achievement of the goals |
| Personal Bias | The influence on an evaluation of any stereotyp or prejudice held by the evaluator |
| Classification Specification | formal, summary statements of the work and requirements of the postions classification |
| Protected Classes | those categories or groups identified in statutes as having legal status in discriminatory lawsuits |
| Comparable Growth | A policy consciously to eliminate the practice of depressing the wages of jobs traditionally filled by a women and instead setting compensation in accordance with job factors |
| Incrementalism | a pattern of decision making in which the search for alternative solutions to a problem is limited and the process stops as soon as a satisfactory, but not neccessarily optimal solution is identified. Incremental change are modest adjustments from the sta |
Created by:
rgarcia09
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