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Dr. Rudy A&P
ASHA MT Fall Day
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Anatomy | the study of structure |
| Define physiology | the study of function |
| define somatic | of the body |
| define paranasal | alongside or near the nose |
| Define collagen | tough, stringy protein found in matrix |
| Define ligament | cords that link bones together |
| Name the major body cavaties | *cranial - brain *spinal - spinal cord *thoracic - heart & lungs *abdominal- major organs (stomach,gall bladder, liver, kidneys) *Pelvic - Uterus, urinary bladder |
| Define cell | the smallest unit of life |
| Define tissue | a cluster of similar cells |
| Define organ | two or more different tissues grouped together to carry out a common function |
| Define system | an association of various organs whose activities are coordinated to carry out a common purpose |
| Four types of tissue | epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve |
| Define connective tissue | loose scattering cells in a matrix |
| fibrous connective tissue | a matrix that is rich in collagen fibers |
| Defone tendons | cords that link muscle to bone |
| Define deep fascia | sheet of fibrous tissue that covers muscle |
| Function of Bone | support, protection, movement, storage of minerals, blood formation |
| Two main components of the bone matrix | collagen fibers & calcium salts |
| three types of bone cells | osteoblasts - produce bony matrix osteocytes - maintain bony matrix osteoclasts - breaks down bony matrix |
| Main salts in bone matrix | calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate |
| cartilanginous matrix is made of | collagen fibers and chondroitin sulfate |
| Three main types of cartilage | *hyaline - smooth & glassy, between joints reducing friction *Fibrocartilage - more collagen fibers, more flexible *elastic - ability to stretch and bounce back |
| growth in diameter | osteoblasts continuously adds to compact bone |
| Epiphysial plate | a slab of hyaline cartilage located between epiphysis & diaphysis, |
| Growing in length | Osteoblasts eat away cartilage & replace with bone while chondroblasts make more cartilage |
| Define fracture | a break in the bone |
| four types of fractures | simple(closed) - single break not through skin compound (open) - single break through skin comminuted - shattered bone compression - bone caves in |
| Explain osteoporosis | condition in which bone resorption is faster than bone formation, main factors are sedentary lifestyles, lack of vitamin C |
| Explain osteomalacia | softening of bones due to loss of calcium |
| Explain rickets | softening of bones due to lack of vitamin D |
| Explain scurvy | decreased bone density & breakdown of blood vessels due to vitamin C deficiency |
| Axial skeleton | consists of the skull, vertebral column, & the rib cage |
| appendicular skeleton | consists of upper & lower extremities |
| Describe paranasal cavities | lined with mucous membranes and filled with air |
| Define fontanels | soft spots in infant cranium |
| function of fontanels | allows infant cranium to compress |
| define auditory tube | links middle ear to throat |
| function of auditory tube | balances the air pressure on both sides of ear drum |
| Define Mandible | lower jaw bone |
| Define Maxilla | upper jaw bone (2) |
| How many cervical vertebrea in vertebreal column? | 7 |
| How many thoracic vertebrea in vertebreal column? | 12 |
| How many lumbar vertebrea in vertebreal column? | 5 |
| normal curves of the vertebral column are... | anterior curves are lordotic, posterior curves are kyphotic |
| abnormal curves of the vertebral column are... | excessive lordotic curves are lordosis 'swayback' and excessive kyphotic curves are kyphosis 'humpback' |
| How is the Atlas (C1) differant from other vertebrea? | has no body and no spinous process |
| explain intervertebral disc | consists of annulus fibrosus and nucleous pulposus |
| explain herniated disk | disk not in its proper position |
| explain bulging disk | disk that ballons outward |
| explain ruptured disk | disk that is torn and leaking nucleous purposus |
| Name the 5 ligaments stabalizing vertebral column | anterior longitudinal , posterior longitudinal, supraspinous, interspinous, ligamentum nuchae |
| Name 3 parts of the sternum | manubrium, body, xiphoid process |
Created by:
amusicchild
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