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Singing anatomy
basic principles of singing and anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Breath is what two processes? | Inhalation, exhalation |
| Inhalation | diaphragm contracts and drops; lung volume gets larger, creating a negative pressure difference; air is drawn in |
| Exhalation | diaphram relaxes and rises;lung volume decreases, creating positive pressure difference; air gets pushed out |
| Lungs are made of | soft spongy elastic tissue |
| structure of lungs is like an | inverted tree |
| air enters the lungs through | trachea |
| the trachea branches in two to form | bronchi |
| the bronchi branch into | bronchioles |
| at the end of each bronchiole are clusters of | alveoli |
| alveoli | small sacs where the gas exchange of CO2 and O2 takes place |
| the right lung is_______________ because | Shorter; because the liver sits high tucked under the ribcage (broader than left) |
| Left lung is _______________ because | smaller; because of the space taken up by the heart |
| lungs are encased in a sack of tissue calledq | the pleura |
| the lungs are stuck to the pleura by a small amount of liquid which creates | surface tension |
| suporting the breath through_________ | abdominal tension |
| Two types of breaths | involuntary, voluntary |
| diaphragm | a sheet of muscle and tendon that divides the torso in two. dome shaped, slightly higher on the right side curves up toward center |
| muscles found between the ribs | intercostal muscles |
| external intercostals | outside of ribcage |
| internal intercostals | inside of ribcage |
| slows teh ascent of the diaphragm | abdominals |
| what are the abdominals exterior to interior? | rectus abdominis, external obliques, internal obliques, transversus abdominis |
| rectus abdominis muscles run | vertiaclly |
| external obliques | run on side of belly downward and forward and insert int the pelvis and sides of the abdominal sheath /// |
| internal obliques | run opposite external obliques rise from pelvis upward and forward, thickest muscles of the four \\\ |
| transversus abdominis | thinnest run horizontally |
| chest breathing | clavicular breathing or "breath of exhaustion" |
| breathing is like a | vaccumn |
| phonation | the act of making a sound |
| larynx is positioned in the throat by a series of | suspernsory muscles |
| larynx anchored from below by muscular attachments to the | sternum and the clavicles |
| cricoid stabilized by | a ligament attachment to the first ring of the trachea |
| larynx suspended from the | hyoid bone |
| horseshoe shaped bone with opening at the back | hyoid bone |
| muscles of tongue and chin attach to the | hyoid bone |
| 4 cartilages of larynx | cricoid, thyroid, arytenoids, epiglottis |
| two adjunct cartilages in the larynx | corniculates, cuniforms |
| cricoid attaches to | trachea |
| broad in back and narrow in front | cricoid carilage |
| two plates fused together that form a V posteriorly | thyroid cartilage |
| flexible attached to cricoid and VC | arytenoid carilage |
| corniculate carilidges | have no function |
| cuniform cartilages | wedge shaped rods imbedded in ary-epiglottic folds |
| intrinsic muscles | both attach within larynx |
| extrinsic muscles | at leason one attachment outside muscle |
| name 4 intrinsic muscles | vocal folds, false vocal folds, crico thyroid muscle, crico arytenoid muscle |
| thyro aretenoids, glottis space between | vocal folds |
| above vocal folds | false vocal folds |
| fan shaped muscles broader at top than bottom stretches vocal folds | crico thyroid muscles |
| three adductor and abductors of the arytenoids | crico arytenoid muscle |
| when ari flows between two objecst, the speed of that air increases as the objects come closer together | bernoulii effect |
| resonance | the relationship that exists between two vibrating bodies and results in an increase in amplitude and a more efficient use of the sound wave. |
| primary vibrator produces sound wave | vocal folds |
| secondary vibrator | resonance cavity |
| resonance tract is________ | tuneable |
| two resonating cavities | throat, mouth |
| irregularly shaped tube which extends from back of the nose to the posetrior surface of the base of the cricoid cartilage | pharynx |
| from base of skull to soft pallate | nasal pharynx |
| from soft pallate to top of epiglottis | oral pharynx |
| from top of epiglottis to base of crioid | laryengeal pharynx |
| where one feels the augmented vibration due to the change in relationship of formants to areas of the body | placement |
| spectral peaks of the sound spectrum | formants |
| sound waves | alterations in pressure which propel themselves through an elastic medium |
| the distance that a vibrator moves as it vibrates | amplitude |
| the subjective evaluation by the ear of a sound's amplitude | loudness |
| vocal color of tone quality | timbre |
| moveable articulators (6) | tongue, jaw, cheeks, lips, velum, larynx |
| fixed articulators | hard palate teets alveolar ridge |
| the smallest phonetic unit of sound in language | phoneme |
| soft palate has no | bone |
| the act or manner of pronouncing syllables words or sentences in an articulate manner | enounciation |
| the act or result of uttering phonemes syllables words and phrases according to accepted standards | pronounciation |
| the prevailing standards of word usage and pronounciation in a cmomprehensible manner and style | diction |
Created by:
juliac
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