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Shoulder Region SG
Shoulder Region
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What bone is holding the shoulder in place? | The joint between the sternum and clavicle |
| Name the bones of the shoulder | Clavicle, scapula and humerus |
| Where do the rotator cuff muscles start and end | Start on the scapula and end on the humerus. They are intrinsic muscles and have a little more to do with joint stability than the external ones |
| Where is there usually a fracture? | Where the shaft meets the humerus |
| How much of the humerus is in contact with the glenoid? | About 1/3 of the surface. There is fibrocartilage that goes around the glenoid and it is surrounded by a synovial membrane |
| Where does the tendon of the long head of the biceps attach? | Enters the joint space and attaches to the supraglenoid tubercle |
| Name the ligaments part of the intrinsic part of the fibrous joint capsule | Coracohumeral and Glenohumeral |
| Where is the humerus usually fractured? | At the surgical neck. |
| What does the spine of the scapula divide into? | The supraspinous and the infraspinous fossa |
| What type of motion is at the acromio clavicular joint? | Rotational. Allows the scapula to rotate/glide along the thoracic wall |
| True or False: Dirsupting a joint is harder to establish back than a bone | True |
| What should you think of when you think of synovial joint? (Clinically) | Arthritis |
| How can you tell the posterior from anterior surface of the clavicle? | Posterior surface is deepened and anterior surface is smooth |
| What does the costoclavicular ligament do? | Maintains the relationship between the clavicle and 1st rib and determines how fat the clavicle is able to move |
| What type of movement does the glenohumeral joint do? | Flexion and Extension |
| What is abduction and adduction? | Abduction: Moving away from midline. Adduction: Bringing it back to the body |
| How far do the extrinsic muscles go? | From torso to humerus |
| What does the pectoralis major rotate? | The humerus and rotator cuff muscles |
| What does the pectoralis minor stabilize? | The scapula. Pulls scapula down to hold it to chest wall |
| What other muscle holds the scapula against the wall? | Serratus anterior |
| What does the trapezius cranial nerve IV (accessory) do? | Has an antigravity effect. Descending: Elevates scapula. Ascending: Depresses Scapula. Middle: Retracts Scapula |
| What does the latissimus dorsi do? | Innervated by thoracodorsal nerve, it extends the arm and it is going to adduct. It also medially rotates |
| What do the rhomboids do? | Deep scapular nerve innervation. It does scapular retraction, rotates scapula (and glenoid) inferiorly. Holds scapula against chest wall (with serratus anterior). |
| What does the levator scapula do? | Elevates scapula and rotates scapula (and glenoid) inferiorly |
| What does concentric mean? Eccentric? | Coccentric: Everything is contracting. Eccentric: Means it's contracted, but lengthening |
| What does the deltoid do? | Abduction, medial and lateral rotation. Deltoid and Supraspinous both abduct humerus together |
| What does the rotator cuff muscles keep in place? | The humeral head |
| What does the teres major do? | Adduction and medial rotation |
| True or False: As long as you tie off the artery above the circumflex , arteries blood supply should not be disrupted | True |
| What is the teres minor innervated by? Teres major? | Teres Minor: axillary nerve. Teres major: Lower subscapular nerve |
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