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Biomechanics back

biomechanics of the back 10/2/12

QuestionAnswer
In flection, the nucleus pulposus moves ______________, facets __________ posteriorly, open
In extension, the nucleus pulposus moves ______________, facets __________ anteriorily, close
In side bending, the nucleus pulposus moves ______________, facets __________ convex, one open, one close
In rotation, the nucleus pulposus moves ______________, facets __________ not affected
What are uncinate processes? ensure that vertebrae "stay on track"
What are uncovertebral joints? Allow movement to occur smoothly
What plane does thoracic movement occur in? coronal
What limits rotation of the thoracics? ribcage
What plane does the lumbar vertebrae move in? sagittal
What limits movement of the lumbar spine? limited in extension
Facet joints and capsules are innervated by.... posterior rami from 2 adjacent levels
What is excessive kyposis a result of? osteoporosis or compression fractures
What plane is excessive kyposis in? sagittal plane into flexion
What are some causes of excessive lordosis? pregnancy, fat, weak abs
What plane is excessive lordosis in? sagittal plane, into extension
WHat is loss of lordosis a result of? muscle spasm
What plane is scoliosis in? coronal
Where are the kyphosises? thoracic, sacral
Where are the lordosises? cervical, lumbar
Which ligaments tether ribs to the nearby vertebrae? costotransverse ligament
What ligament connects the transverse processes of L4 and L5 to the ilium? Iliolumbar ligaments
What joint is specialized for rotation? posterior atlanto-axial membrane (joint)
What is the atlano-occipital joint specialized for? flexion and extension
What does the nuchal ligament do? fans out from cervical spinous processes, large surface for cervical muscle attachment
Created by: 583931909
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