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Thomas, ch. 2 Review
Chapter 2 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Secularization | 1300s; developing activites outside the religous sphere |
| Constantinople | 1453 Turks take this city |
| Black Death | Population fell by 30 million between 1300 and 1400l. An erratic economy. |
| Revolts and Repression | upper class tried to control prices and the poor had a tough time finding work. Rebellions were caused because of inflation of gold and the king gave himself more money because the money's worth declined. |
| Wat Tyler's rebellion | 1381, workers didn't like high prices due to lack of labor from the black death. |
| The Hundred Years' War | A war between France and England that began in 1337. |
| The Effects of the Hundred Years' War | Parliaments power for kings went up and English nobles became unruly. |
| Joan of Arc | Led the French army to victories during the Hundred Years' War. |
| The Babylonian Captivity | England and France began taxing the church in the 1290s. The Unam Sanctam was issued and declared that all outside the Roman Church were not saved. |
| The Great Schism | The college of Cardinals elected 2 popes, one in France and one in Rome. |
| Flagellants | Extreme Catholics who whip themselves to get rid of their sins. During the 1300's |
| Lollards | Started by William Langland in 1360. Contrasted the honest poor with hypocrisy |
| Hussites | Started by John Huss in 1380. Sad church can do without elaborate possesion and could do without church and they can read the Bible. Practiced in Bohemia. |
| Conciliar Movement | 1414 Council at Constance. Ended the three schism. Extirpated heresy, and reform church from top to bottom. |
| Simony | buying or selling of church office |
| Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges 1438 | Puts restrictive powers on the popes. |
| Italian Renaissance | movement to restore civilization to that of the Greco-Roman. Collective action in art, law, and government. Originated thoughts within the Renaissance. |
| Cosimo De Medici | Started the Medici political power. Funded the Florence Cathedral |
| Lorenzo de Medici | Supported Michelangelo. |
| Individualism | People started being more independent. |
| Humanists and Latin | Humanists wrote in Latin but were not member of the clergy. |
| The Vernacular | Florentine became the standard form of modern Italian. It was the first time European vernacular became standard. |
| Renaissance education | Periodic promotion of pupils from one level to the next. Latin and Greek were always subjects. |
| The "Courtier" | A man of good birth that should be neatly dressed and know both Latin and Greek. |
| Renaissance Marriages | Negotiations to enhance social position. Women were generally younger than 18 and men were around 30. |
| Italian vulnerability | In 1527 Spanish and German mercenaries attacked Rome. |
| Christian humanists | Wanted to deepen their understanding of Christianity. Universities developed. |
| The sisters and brothers of the common life | Received Papal approval, but were not monks or nuns. They worked at relieving the poor and teaching. |
| Henry VII | Gained the English throne by force. Ended the wars of the Roses. |
| Aragon and Castile | The two kingdoms were joined by the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella. |
| The Habsburgs | Electing an emperor was the duty of 4 principal lords. Family was reelected as Holy Roman Emperor from 1452-1806. |
| Charles V | Holy Roman Emperor in 1519 |
| Martin Luther | Criticized the Catholic church. Believed that people were saved by their faith. |
| Social reformation | Lutheranism swept over Germany. |
| Political rebellion | Many cities wanted to choose their own religion and rebelled against the Holy Roman Empire. |
| The Peace of Augsburg | Each state could either be Lutheran or Catholic. No individual freedom of religion was permitted. |
| Predestination | God knew and willed all things in advance. Those who were saved and damned were already determined. |
| Calvin's Geneva | Model christian community. Strict rules. |
| The spread of Calvinism | Geneva became protestant Rome. Calvinists made their teachings heard. Large populations turned Calvinist. |
| Henry VIII | Founded the Church of England. |
| The Act of Supremacy | The king was the head of the Church of England. Subjects were asked to take an oath. All monasteries were closed. |
| The Church of England | Resemble a Lutheran church. All English subjects had to belong to it. Clergy could marry. |
Created by:
bocaj
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