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Anatomy
Chapter 4 Tissues
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| groups of cells similar in structure and function | tissue |
| 4 types of tissues | epithelial, connective, nerve, muscle |
| type of tissue that forms boundaries | epithelial |
| cells have polarity | epithelial |
| composed of closely packed cells | epithelial |
| supported by connective tissue | epithelial |
| high rate of regeneration | epithelial |
| apical surfaces | upper, microvilli and cilia |
| basal surfaces | attached, lower |
| 1 layer of cells | simple epithelium |
| more than one layer of cells | stratified epithelium |
| one layer of cells, looks like multiple layers | pseudostratified epithelium |
| flattened cells | squamous |
| cube cells | cuboidal |
| column cells | columnar |
| single layer of flattened cells | simple squamous |
| located in kidney and lungs | simple squamous |
| allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration | simple squamous |
| single layer of cube cells, round nuclei | simple cuboidal |
| function: secretion and absorption | simple cuboidal |
| located in kidney tubules | simple cuboidal |
| lining of lymphatic vessels, blood vessels and heart | simple squamous, endothelium |
| epithelium of serious membranes in ventral body cavity | simple squamous, mesothelium |
| single layer of tall cells, oval nuclei | simple culumnar |
| function: absorption and secretion of mucus | simple columnar |
| located in the digestive tract | simple columnar |
| single layer of cells of different heights | pseudostratified columnar |
| function: secretion, usually mucus | pseudostratified columnar |
| located along trachea and most of upper respiratory tract | pseudostratified columnar |
| think membrane of several cell layers, basal layer is cuboidal or columnar, surface cells are flat | stratified squamous |
| protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion | stratified squamous |
| located in the linings of the mouth and forms epidermis | stratified squamous |
| sweat and mammary glands, rare, 2 cell layers hink | stratified cuboidal and columnar |
| resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal | transitional epithelium |
| stretches and permits distension | transitional epithelium |
| located in ureters, bladder, part of urethra | transitional epithelium |
| protects, supports and binds together other body tissues | connective tissues |
| most abundant and widely distributed tissue in body | connective tissue |
| 4 classes of connective tissue | blood, bone tissue, cartilage, connective tissue proper |
| mitotically active and secretory cells | blasts |
| mature cells | cytes |
| fibroblasts | connective tissue proper |
| chondroblasts and chondrocytes | cartilage |
| osteoblasts and osteocytes | bone |
| hematopoietic stem cells, fat cells, white blood cells, mast cells, macrophages | bone marrow |
| 3 types of loose connective tissue | areolar, adipose, reticular |
| matrix with all 3 fiber types | areolar |
| wraps and cushions organs | areolar |
| widely distributed under epidermis | areolar |
| nucleus pushed to side by fat droplet | adipose |
| provides reserve food fuel | adipose |
| located under skin in the hypodermis | adipose |
| network of reticular fibers | reticular |
| supports other cell types | reticular |
| located in lymphoid organs | reticular |
| primarily parallel collagen fibers | dense regular |
| attaches muscles to bones or muscles | dense regular |
| tendons, most ligaments | dense regular |
| 3 types of cartilage | hyaline, elastic, fibro |
| chondrocytes lie in lacunae within matrix | hyaline cartilage |
| cartilage that supports and reinforces | hyaline |
| all adult cartilage structures articulated with bone | hyaline |
| matrix similar but less firm than hyaline | fibrocartilage |
| cartilage that absorbs compressive shock | fibrocartilage |
| cartialge located in invertebral discs, knee joint discs | fibrocartilage |
| hard calcified matrix | osseous tissue, bone |
| bone supports and protects by enclosing | osseous tissue, bone |
| located in bones | osseous tissue, bone |
| composed of branched neurons | nervous tissue |
| transmits electric signals | nervous tissue |
| located in brain, spinal cord, nerves | nervous tissue |
| 3 types of muscle tissue | skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
| long, cylindrical, obvious striations, multi-nuclei | skeletal muscle |
| voluntary movement | skeletal muscle |
| branching, striated, specialized junctions | cardiac muscle |
| uniform contraction, involuntary movement | cardiac muscle |
| located in the walls of the heart | cardiac muscle |
| spindle-shaped cells with central nuclei, no striations | smooth muscle |
| propels substances or objects | smooth muscle |
| walls of hollow organs | smooth muscle |
Created by:
c8linpluemacher
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