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Arm Muscles
| Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pectoralis Minor | ~2-5 ribs | coracoid process of scapula | adbucts scapula and rotates it downward |
| Serratus anterior | superior 8-9 ribs | vertebral border and angle of scapula | adbucts scapula and rotates it upward |
| Trapezius | occipital bone, spine of C7 and T1-T12 | clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula | elevate, adduct, depress scapula, rotates it upward |
| Pectoralis Major | clavicle, sternum, ~1-7 ribs | intertubercular sulcus of humerus | adducts and medially rotates arm |
| Latissimus Dorsi | spines of T6-T12, L1-L5, crests of sacrum and ilium | intertubersular sulcus of humerus | extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm and shoulder (swimming movement) |
| Deltoid | clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula | deltoid tuberosity of humerus | adbuct, flex, extand, medially and lateral rotate arm |
| Coracobrachialis | coracoid process of scapula | medial shaft of humerus | flex and adduct arm |
| Biceps Brachii | long head: supraglenoid tubercle short head: coracoid process of scapula | radial tuberosity of radius | flex arm and forearm, supinates forearm |
| Brachialis | distal anterior shaft of humerus | coronoid process of ulna | flex forearm |
| Brachioradialis | distal lateral shaft of humerus | styloid process of raduis | flexes, supinates and pronates forearm |
| Triceps Brachii | Humerus and scapula | olecranon of ulna | extends forearm and arm |
| Flexor Carpi Radialis | medial epicondyle of humerus | 2nd and 3rd metacarpals | flex, abduct hand at wrist |
| Palmaris Longus | medial epicondyle of humerus | flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis | weak wrist flexor |
| Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Medial epicondyle of humerus | pisiform, hamate, and 5th metacarpal | flex, adduct hand at wrist |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis | lateral suprecondylar ridge of humerus | 2nd matecarpal | extend, abduct hand at wrist |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis | lateral epicondyle of humerus | 3rd metacarpal | extend, abduct hand at wrist |
| Extensor Digiti Minimi | lateral epicondyle of humerus | 5th phalanx | extands proximal plalanx of little finger |
| Extensor Pollicis Brevis | posterior raduis | proximal phalanx of thumb | extends proximal phalanx of thumb |
| Abductor Pollicis Longus | posteros radius and ulna | 1st metacarpal | abducts and extends thumb and abducts wrist |
| Extensor Pollicis Longus | posterior shaft of radius | distal phalanx of thumb | extends distal phanlanx of thumb and abducts wrist |
| Extensor Indicis | posterior ulna | tendon of extensor digitorum of index | extends phalanges of index and wrist |