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341 Chpt 14
The Heart
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Heart location | Thoracic cavity, 2/3 left, inside mediastinum |
Apex | Inferior, anterior, and left |
Base | Superior, posterior, right |
Functions of heart | pump blood through vessels, and produce horomones |
How many layers does pericardium have? | Three: fibrous pericardium, serous pericardium parietal layer, serous pericardium visceral layer |
Fibrous pericardium | Dense irr. c.t. attached to diaphragm and large blood vessels, not elastic |
Serous pericardium parietal layer | attached to fibrous pericardium |
Serous pericardium visceral layer | attached to surface of the heart |
Pericardial fluid function | To decrease friction during heartbeat |
What is between layers of the heart? | Pericarial fluid |
Myocardium | Cardiac muscle cells, joined by intercalated disks |
Endocardium | Inner lining of heart made up of epithelial tissue and c.t. that seperates blood from muscle |
Right atrium | Recieves blood from body |
Left atrium | Recieves blood from lungs |
Auricle | Pouch near top of atria to increase volume |
Pectinate Muscle | Ridgid walls especially in auricles |
Sinoatrial node | Special bundle of modified cardiac cells "pacemaker" |
Trabeculae carneae | Ridges of muscle in the ventricles |
Chordae tendineae | Tendon-like cords that attach to bottoms of bicuspid and tricuspid valves and then to the papillary muscles |
When moving blood from atria to ventricles | AV valve open and SL valves closed |
Moving blood from ventricles to body | AV valves close and SL valves open |
Coronary artery | Artery that carries blood to cardiac cells |