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Gov't 2301 Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| All of the following are participants in American politics EXCEPT: | foreign citizens. |
| Which of the following questions are NOT addressed by political science? | What goods and services should be made available to citizens? |
| During the past several decades, _____ has had a particularly negative impact on public trust in government. | Television |
| Because Thomas Hobbes believed that people, left to themselves, naturally resort to violence, he argued that societes must... | form governments to insure domestic tranquility by maintaining order. |
| A good that cannot be withheld from any citizen, whether or not he or she pays for it is a(n)... | public good. |
| All of the following are public goods EXCEPT... | automobiles. |
| Free competition for voluntary exchange among indiviudals, firms, and corporations is known as... | a free market. |
| The underlying value of democracy is... | the dignity of the indiviudal. |
| John Locke argued that _____ is/are superior to all human laws and governments. | natural law |
| Citizen particpation in the decisions that affect individuals' lives is a necessary part of ... | democracy. |
| The principle of limited government means... | that government is itself restrained by law. |
| In democracies, ____ set forth the liberties of indivudals and restrain government from interfering with these liberties. | Constitution |
| Town meetings and other forms of direct democracy are challenged because... | this form of democracy requires citizens to invest a lot of their scarce time and energy. |
| John Locke | Extremely influential; approach to life state of nature; natural law, life, liberty and property |
| Thomas Hobbes | Social K Theorist/pessimist with state of nature; humans @ war w/each other; gov't s/b headed by a strong ruler. Life w/o gov't: "a war where every man is enemy to every man," where people live in "continual fear/danger of violent death." |
| Characteristics of Democracy: 1. Individual Dignity | Underlying value of democracy; each indv. possesses "certain inalienable Rights, among these are Life, Liberty, and Property." |
| Direct Democracy (pure or participatory democracy) | Governing system in which every person particpates actively in every public decision, rather than delegating decision making to representatives. (rare) |
| Indirect/Representative democracy | Governing system in which public decision making is delegated to representatives of the people chosen by popular vote in free, open and periodic elections. |
| Elitism | Political system in which power is concentrated in the hands of a relatively small group of indivuals or institutions. |
| Pluralism | Theory that democracy can be achieved through copetition among multiple organized groups and that indivuals can participate in politics through group memberships and elections. |
| Public Policy Approach | Response or lack of response by governmental decision makers to an issue. (5 steps of how action is undertaken @ national level) |
| Public Policy Approach Step 1: Agenda Building | "Is this situation a problem?" a problem has to be brought to public attention; process which problems become matters of gov't concern and action |
| Public Policy Approach Step 2: Policy Formation | "What do we do about the problem?" |
| Public Policy Approach Step 3: Policy Adoption | "Pass a law." |
| Public Policy Approach Step 4: Policy Implementation | "Make the law work;" put the law into practice; rules w/enalties attached. |
| Public Policy Approach Step 5: Policy Evaluation | "Is it working? Can we improve it?" There is always going to be a conflict. |
| The Purposes of Government: 1. Establish justice & insure domestice tranquility | Gov't manages conflict & maintains order; social k. |
| The Purposes of Government: 2. Provide for the common defense | Gov't is responsible for the country's defense since Revolutionary War. |
| The Purposes of Government: 3. Promote the general welfare | Gov't provides public goods, regulates society, uses income transfers(social security/Medicare) |
| The Purposes of Government: 4. Secure the blessings of liberty | Added responsibility: protect indivudal liberty by ensuring that all people are treated equally b/f the law. |
| The Purposes of Government: 5. Ways to Evaluate | Normaltive analysis: indv. own opinion/editorial; state whether a policy is good/bad Empirical analysis: present w/statistics (no judgment) |
| Characteristics of Democracy: 2. Equality | Equal protection of the law for every indv.; equality extends to equality of opportunity-obligation of gov't to ensure all Americans have an equal opportunity to develop their full potential. |
| Characteristics of Democracy: 3. Participation in Decision Making | Indv. participation in the decisions that affect indvs.' lives; s/b free to choose for themselves how they want to live; indv. participation in gov't is necessary for indv. dignity. |
| Characteristics of Democracy: 4. Majority Rule: One Person, One Vote | Collective decision making in democracies must be by majority rule, w/each person having one vote; each person's vote must be equal to every other person's; votes must count equally & a majority vote must decide the issue, even if foolish. |
| Politics | Process that determines who will occupy the role of leadership; process where decisions are made; |
| Politics (con't) | Decide who gets what, when and how; broader, more participants (voters, interest groups). Who: participants; What: services that gov't provides (edu,welfare,infrastructure); When: pp when one gets benefits& when; How: |
| Government | Org extending to the whole society that can legitimately use force to carry out its decsions. Institution grounded in force; inst. w/authority to make policies on our behalf; conglomerate of services |
| Paradox of Democracy | Do we abide by the principle of majority rule & allow the majority to do what it wants? Or do we defend the principle of indv. liberty & limit the majority's power? |
| Paradox of Democracy: Limiting Power of Majorities | Founders wrote Constitution & adopted Bill of Rights limiting power of gov' over the indv, putting some personal liberties beyond the reach of majorities; est. limited gov't (gov't restrained by law). |
| Paradox of Democracy: Totalitarianism: Unlimited Gov't Power | Total life of the indv. is subject to gov't control. |
| Paradox of Democracy: Authoritarianism | Concerned w/control of gov't; live w/o gov't interference, but have no role in politics, no control over gov't, no competitive policial parties, no elections, and barred from political life; less oppressive than totalitarianism. |
| Paradox of Democracy: Constitutional Government | Constitutions are the principle means by whcih govt'l powers are limited. |
| Robert Dahl criteria for democracy | 1. Right to vote for all adults and vote to be counted. 2. right to be elected; express diff. viewpoint |
Created by:
mrslmc
Popular American Government sets