Med Micro ECM Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
What are the four major components of the extracellular matrix? | collagens, elastin, proteoglycans, and hyaluronans |
What is the structure of collagen? | primary subunits are left handed helices; these associate into right handed triple helices known as tropocollagens, which are bundled together to form collagen fibers |
What is the structure of elastin? | Tropoelastin polypeptides are synthesized in the rough ER and secreted to the extracellular space. Once there, they congretate to a scaffold of fibrillin |
What is the structure of proteoglycan? | glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) bound to a core protein; made of modified disaccharides |
What is the function of collagen? | provides tensile strength by resisting stretching |
What is the function of elastin? | provides tissues with elasticity, the ability to return to their original size and shape |
What is the function of proteoglycan? | help anchor cells to the basal lamina through crosslinking with other components of the ECM (sometimes collagen); sometimes function as regulators (such as heparin) as well |
Why are prolines important in collagen? | They contort the polypeptide backbone and forces it into a left handed helix |
Why are glycines important in collagen? | Their amino acid side chain is simply a hydrogen atom. This allows the helix to form. Larger side groups would cause steric hindrance. |
What is fibrosis? | excess collagen (build up of scar tissue) |
What causes scurvy? | lack of vitamin C which causes a decreased hydroxylation of proline residues |
Ehler's-Danlos Syndrome is a result of what? | underproduction or incomplete processing of different collagens |
Osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle-bone syndrome) is cause by... | a mutation of type I collagen; this interferes with triple helix assembly |
What amino acid crosslinking is seen in elastin? How many are bound together? | lysine; four |
Is elastin a bundle or a mesh network? | mesh network |
What gives elastin the ability to "snap back"? | interspersed hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains |
What condition are homozygous alpha1-AT mutants predisposed to? Why? | emphysema; because the elastin in the alveolar walls is degraded due to inhibition of elastase |
Fibrillin mutations result in... | Marfan's syndrome |
Where are proteoglycans often found? | plasma membrane |
What do proteoglycans sequester? | growth factors |
What are hyaluronans? | glycosaminoglycans (GAGs that are not bound to the core protein as is seen in proteoglycans) that interact with water molecules to form hydration spheres |
What is the function of hyaluronans? | resist compression and serve as lubricants for joints |
What is the function of aggrecans? | resistance of compression |
Where are aggrecans most prevalent? | cartilage |
What are the ECM crosslinking proteins? | lamin and fibernectin |
Created by:
smuncy
Popular Anatomy sets