chapt8 review ? Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
synarthroses | immovable joints |
amphiarthroses | slightly movable joints |
diarthroses | freely movable joints |
fibrous joints | bones joined by fibrous tissue,dense fibrous connective tissue, no joint cavity |
3 types of fibrous joints | sutures syndesmoses gomphoses |
sutures | found only in the skull. "seams" interlock bone |
syndesmoses | bones are connected exclusively by ligaments,cords or bands of fibrous tissue |
gomphoses | peg-in-socket fibrous joint. tooth is only ie: |
cartilaginous joint | articulating bones are united by cartilage. not highly movable |
2 types of cartilaginous joints | synchondroses and symphyses |
synchondrosis | a joint in which the bones are united by hyaline cartilage |
symphyses | a joint in which the bones are connected by fibrocartilage |
synovial joint | freely movable joints in which the articulating bones are separated by fluid-containing joint cavity. |
articulations | another term for joint |
synarthroses | what functional joint class contains the least mobile joints? |
symphyses/synchondroses | of sutures, symphyses/synchondroses, which are cartilaginous joints? |
the more stable the joint the less mobile it is | how are joint mobility/stability related? |
6 features of synovial joints | articular cartilage/joint cavity/articular capsule/synovial fluid/reinforcing ligaments/nerves and blood vessels |
bursae | flattened fibrous sacs lined with synovila membrane/containing synovial fluid. occur where bones rub together |
tendon sheath | elongated bursa that wraps around tendon subjected to friction |
fibrous capsule/synovial membrane | what are 2 layers of articular capsule? |
help to reduce friction during joint movement | how do bursae/tendon sheaths improve joint function? |
muscle tendons that cross the joint | what factor is most important in stabilizing synovial joints? |
help keep joint cartilages nourished and lubricates the joint surfaces | what is importance of weeping lubrication? |
flexion | bending movement on sagittal plane that DECREASES the angle of joint/and brings bones closer together ie: bending knee |
extension | movement along sagittal plane that INCREASES the angle of bones and straightens a limb. ie:straightening knee |
circumduction | moving limb so it describes a cone in space |
rotation | turning of bone around its own long axis. turning head left to right |
supination | "turning backwards" movements of radius around ulna |
pronation | "turning forward" movements of radius and ulna |
dorsiflexion | lifting foot so it is superior surface approaches the shin |
plantar flexion | depressing the foot (pointing toes) |
elevation | lifting a body part superiorly |
depression | moving elevated part inferiorly |
opposition | movement when you touch your thumb to the tips of the other fingers on the same hand |
plane joints | SJ: surfaces are flat and allow only short NONAXIAL gliding movements ie; intercarpal/intertarsal joints. between vertebral articular processes |
hinge joints | SJ:cylindrical end of one bone conforms to a trough-shaped surface on another. |
hinge joints | SJ: motion is alon a single plane. UNIAXIAL: permits flexion/extension only ie:knee/elbow |
pivot joints | SJ: rounded end of one bone conforms to a "sleeve" of another. UNIAXIAL rotation of one bone around its own long axis. ie: head saying NO |
condyloid joints | SJ: one bone fits into a complementary depression in another. both surfaces are oval |
condyloid joints | SJ: BIAXIAL permits all motions ie:wrist |
saddle joints | SJ: resemble condyloid joints,but allow greater freedom of movement. ie: twiddling your thumbs |
ball/socket joints | SJ:spherical head of one bone articulates w. the cuplike socket of another. |
ball/socket joints | SJ: MULTIAXIAL joints/ are most freely moving ie:shoulder/hip only |
hinge/pivot | which joints are uniaxial? hinge condyloid saddle or pivot |
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