Module 11 A&P Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
lymphatic system consist of | lymphatic vessels, lymphatic tissue, and lymphatic organs |
lymphatic carry fluid... | away from the tissues |
the tissues and organs of the lymphatic system produce... | immune cells |
functions of the lymphatic system | maintenance of fluid balance, absorption of fats, immunity |
maintenance of fluid balance | lymph fluid is formed from tissue fluid left behind after the capillary exchange, absorbs fluid not reabsorbed and returns to the bloodstream |
absorption of fats | specializes lymphatic vessels in the small intestines absorb fats and fat soluble vitamins |
immunity | lymph nodes and other lymphatic organs filter lymph to remove microorganisms and foreign particles |
lymph and plasma are different because of... | protein content |
lymphatic vessels have thin walls and valves... | to prevent back flow, enduring that lymph moves steadily away from the tissues and towards the heart |
fluid moves passively, aided primarily by.... | rhythmic contractions of lymphatic vessels |
flow is aided by.... | contraction of skeletal muscles |
respiration causes.... | changes that help propel lymph from abdominal to thoracic cavity |
right lymph drains.... | upper right quadrant into right subclavian vein |
the thoracic drains lymph from.... | rest of the body into the left subclavian vein |
two types of lymphatic organs | primary and secondary |
primary lymphatic organs | red bone marrow, thymus; provide a location for B and T lymphocytes to mature |
Secondary lymphatic organs | lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen |
peyer's patches | lymphatic nodules in the small intestine |
lysozymes | found in mucous, tears, and saliva |
germinal centers form and release lymphocytes.... | when infection is present |
function of lymph node | remove pathogens from lymph |
cancer can spread through the lymphatic system... | when a person has breast cancer the physician will check the axillary lymph nodes |
single pharyngeal tonsil | sits on the wall of the pharynx, just behind the nasal cavity |
spleen | the body's largest lymphatic organ |
spleen resides in the..... | upper left quadrant of abdomen |
spleen function | immunity, destruction of old RBC, blood storage |
immunity function | screen blood for foreign antigens; ingest and destroy and microorganisms |
destruction of old RBC function | digest worn out RBC and imperfect platelets, recycle hemoglobin |
blood storage function | helps stabilize blood volume by rapidly adding blood back into general circulation, stores 20-30% body platelets |
three lines of defense | external barriers, nonspecific immunity, specific immunity |
external barriers | skin and mucous membranes, produce muscous that traps pathogens |
phagocytosis | most important phagocytes: Neutrophils and macrophages |
natural killer cells | group of lymphocytes that seek out and destroy foreign cells, roam the body, unique group of lymphocytes |
inflammation | stimulates body defense to start fighting infection while instigating measures to contain the pathogen |
fever | elevation of body temp, promotes the activity of interferon, inhibits the reproduction of viruses and bacteria |
antimicrobial proteins | interferon and complement |
phagocytes | cells that ingest and destroy microorganisms and other small particles |
most important phagocytes are... neutrophils and macrophages | neutrophils and macrophages |
complement | more than 20 different proteins circulate the the bloodstream in an inactive form |
a bacteria, or antibodies against the bacteria.... | activate the complement |
holes are punched in the bacterium... | and swells and burst |
fever is beneficial.... | it promotes the activity of interferon and inhibits the reproduction of bacteria and viruses |
pyrexia | also know as "fever" |
cellular immunity | T cells, aims to destroy foreign cells or host cells that have become infected with a pathogen |
humoral immunity | B cells, focuses on pathogens outside the host cells; it sends out antibodies to "mark" a pathogen for later destruction, Mainly uses B cells |
T lymphocytes | develop in bone marrow, mature in thymus |
B lymphocytes | develop in bone marrow; remain there until fully mature |
most abundant of all of the immunoglobulins is.... | IgG |
three classes of T cells | cytotoxic T cells, Helper T cells, Memory T cells |
Helper T cells | secrete chemicals that summon neutophils and natural killer cells |
allergic reaction | first exposure: body produces IgE |
Mast cells release...... | Histamine |
Anaphylaxis | severe, immediate allergic reaction that affects the whole body |
active immunity | permanent or long lasting |
natural active immunity | body produces the virus,( meseals) |
Artificial active immunity | body makes T cells and antibodies against a disease as a results of a vaccination |
passive immunity | immunity that only last a few months |
natural passive immunity | fetus acquires antibodies from mother (breast feeding) |
artificial passive immunity | obtaining serum from person or animal that has produces antibodies against certain pathogens and then injecting them into someone else |
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Kylee_cheyenne
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