Muscles chapter 6 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
contractility | The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force |
Excitability | capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus |
Extensibility | Ability to be stretched |
Muscle fiber | muscle cell |
Epimysium | Each skeletal muscle surrounded by connective tissue sheath |
Fascia | Another connective tissue located outside the epimysium |
Fascia | surrounds and separates muscles |
Fasciculi | muscle that is composed of numerous visible bundles |
perimysium | Fasciculi is surrounded by loose connective tissue |
Actin myofilaments | thin Myofilaments, which resemble 2 minute strands of pearls twisted together |
Myosin myofilaments | thick Myofilaments, which resemble bundles of golf clubs |
Sarcomeres | Actin and Myosin Myofilaments form highly ordered units |
Sarcomeres | which are joined end to end to form myofibril |
sarcomere | basic structural and functional unity |
sarcomere | each one extends from one Z line to another Z line. Each Z line is an attachment site for actin |
resting membrane potential | outside of most cell membranes is positively charged compared to the inside of the cell membrane, which is negatively the charge difference across the membrane |
action potential | when muscle cell is stimulated the membrane characteristics change briefly, the brief reversal back of charge |
motor neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
neuromuscular junction | axons enter the muscle and branch. Each branch that connects to the muscle |
motor unit | single motor neuron and all skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
presynaptic terminal | enlarged nerve terminal |
synaptic cleft | space between presynaptic terminal and muscle cell |
postsynaptic terminal | the muscle fiber in it |
Synaptic vessels | each presynaptic vessel contains it |
acetylocholine | secrete a neurotransmitter |
acetylocholine | diffuses across synaptic cleft and binds to the postsynaptic terminal causing a change in postsynaptic cell |
sliding filament mechanism | sliding of actin myofilaments past myofilaments during contraction |
muscle twitch | contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers |
threshold | muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until the stimulus reaches a level |
lag phase | time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and beginning of contraction |
contraction phase | time of contraction is |
relaxation phase | time during which the muscle relaxes |
Tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
recruitment | increase of number of motor units being activated |
ATP(adensosine triphosphate) | is needed for energy for muscle |
ATP | produced in the mitochondria |
Creatine phosphate | When rest they cant stockpile ATP but they can store another high end molecule |
Anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
Aerobic respiration | with oxygen(more efficient) |
muscle fatigue | results of ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in muscle cells |
Isometric | the length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contraction process |
isotonic | the amount of tension produced by muscle is constant during contraction but the length of the muscle changes |
muscle tone | muscle tone refers to constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time keeps head and back straight |
Fast-twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly well adapted to perform anaerobic metabolism |
slow twitch fibers | contract more slowly and is more resistant to fatigue, they are better suited for aerobic metabolism |
origin(head) | is the most stationary end of the muscle |
Insertion | end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
belly | portion of muscle between the origin and insertion |
Synergist | muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements |
antagonist | muscles that work in opposition to one another |
occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrows |
Orbicularis oculi | closes the eyelids and causes crows feet, wrinkles skin at lateral corners of eyes |
orbicularis oris | puckers the lips |
Buccinator | Flattens cheeks, Trumpeters muscle |
Zygomaticus | smiling muscle |
Levatator Labii superioris | sneering |
Depressor anguli oris | frowning |
Mastification | chewing |
Intrinsic Tongue Muscle | change the shape of tongue |
Extrinsic Tongue Muscle | Move the Tongue |
Sternocleidmastoid | lateral neck muscle and prime mover, rotates and abducts the head |
Platysma | sheetlike muscle that covers the anterolateral neck, pulls the corners of mouth inferiorly |
Erector spinae | group of muscles on each side of the back. Responsible for keeping the back straight and body erect |
External intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration |
Internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration |
Diaphram | accomplishes quiet breathing |
Trapezius | Rotates scapula |
serratus anterior | pulls scapula anterior |
Pectoralis Major | adducts and flexes arm |
Triceps brachii | extends the forearm |
Biceps brachii | flexes the forearm |
Brachialis | flexes forearm |
Brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm |
flexor carpi | flexes wrist |
extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
flexor digitorium | flexes the fingers |
Created by:
Kbrumfield
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