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USMLE - Pharm Test

Enter the letter for the matching Answer
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1.
What parts of the body are most sensitive to cytotoxic cancer drugs?
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2.
What would you use Cisplatin for?
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3.
What is 5-fluorouracil?
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4.
Adverse effects of bleomycin
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5.
What diseases would you use vinblastine for?
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6.
What is the mechanism of methotrexate?
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7.
Which drugs are particularly toxic to the kidneys?
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8.
What is the mechanism of 6 mercaptopurine?
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9.
What is bleomycin?
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10.
What are the adverse effects of 6-mercaptopurine?
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11.
How does the body develop resistance to alkylating agents?
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12.
Which drug causes hemorrhagic cystitis?
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13.
Name the drugs that are S-phase specific.
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14.
What is azathioprine?
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15.
What is Doxorubicin?
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16.
What would you use 5-fluorouracil for?
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17.
Name the drugs that are M-phase specific.
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18.
Which drugs relatively spares the bone marrow?
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19.
Which drugs are particularly toxic to the nerves?
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20.
Name the drugs that are G2-phase specific.
A.
1. pneumonitis, 2. pulmonary fibrosis, 3. mucocutaneous rxns (blisters), 4. alopecia, 5. hypersensitivity
B.
1.Testicular CA, 2. Ovarian CA, 3. Bladder CA, 4. Lung CA
C.
It's the prodrug that is metabolized to become 6-mercaptopurine
D.
rapidly proliferating cells: bone marrow, GI tract epithelium (mucosa), hair follicles, gonads
E.
1. An intercalator --> inhibition of macromolecular biosynthesis --> inhibits the progression of the enzyme topoisomerase II, which unwinds DNA for transcription --> stabilizes the topoisomerase II complex after it has broken the DNA chain for replication
F.
Anti-cancer drug, anti-metabolite. Bioactivated --> inhibit thymidylate synthetase --> halt pyrimidine synthesis (can't make thymine)
G.
anti-metabolite: inhib DHF reductase in S phase of cell cycle --> cells can't make tetrahydrofolic acid (active form of folate) from dihydrofolic acid --> folate def --> can't make Thymine, needed for rapid cell division --> can't divide; cytotoxic to lym
H.
cyclophosphamide
I.
1. decreased drug accumulation (by inc transports to get it out of cell OR by dec permeability to allow less in), 2. Production of chemicals that "trap" the drug
J.
Bleomycin
K.
VPV (looks like upside down M): Vinblastine, Pacilitaxel, Vincristine
L.
Cisplatin and methotrexate
M.
Vincristine, Cisplatin, Paclitaxel
N.
Cisplatin, Bleomycin, Vincristine, Asparaginase (B-VAC)
O.
1. bone marrow suppression, 2. hepatotoxicity (jaundice, necrosis), 3. GI distress
P.
1. ovarian ca 2. Breast ca, 3. head ca, 4. neck ca, 5. basal cell ca, 6. keratoses
Q.
1. Hodgkin's lymphoma (ABVD, V = vinblastine), 2. testicular ca, 3.kaposi's sarcoma
R.
66-CHEM: 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine, cytarabine, hydroxyurea, etoposide, methotrexate (cytotoxic to lymphocytes, used for RA)
S.
S-phase anti-metabolite; Inhibits purine synthesis; activated by HGPR transferase, an enzyme in purine metabolism
T.
Anti-cancer drug. Complexing with Fe and O2 --> induce breaks in the DNA strand (G2 Phase)
Type the Answer that corresponds to the displayed Question.
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21.
Which drugs are particularly toxic to the heart?
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22.
Which drug causes secondary leukemia?
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23.
Which drug causes pancreatitis?
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24.
What is the cancer drug toxicity that is dose-limiting?
Type the Question that corresponds to the displayed Answer.
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25.
Decreases microtubule polymerization (Vinblastine binds to tubulin --> inhibiting assembly of microtubule structures) --> mitotic spindle and kinetochore can't form --> chromosomes can't separate during anaphase --> arrests mitosis (M phase) at anaphase.
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26.
Alkylating agent - works in G0 Phase. A Prodrug that is converted to active forms in the liver. Forms DNA crosslinks between and within DNA strands at guanine N-7 positions --> dysfxnal DNA --> cell death.
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27.
A drug that protects from the cardiotoxic radical-formation effects of doxorubicin. It chelates iron and prevents the formation of free radicals.
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28.
Like 5-fluorouracil, Flucytosine is bioactivated to form 5-FdUMP, which also inhibits thymidylate synthase --> can't make thymine --> halt DNA synthesis --> cell death
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29.
Alkylating agent - works in G0 Phase. Crosslinks DNA strands, similar to cyclophosphamide.
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30.
Decreases microtubule polymerization (Vincristine binds to tubulin dimers, inhibiting assembly of microtubule structures) --> arrests mitosis (M phase) at metaphase ==> affect all rapidly dividing cell types, including the epithelium and bone marrow.

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