a & p chap 1
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| medical terminology | involves use of word roots, prefixes, suffixes, & combining forms to construct terms related to the body in health & disease
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| eponyms | commemorative names
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| terminologia anatomica (TA) | worldwide standard of anatomical vocab
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| how are A & P closely integrated? | all specific functions are performed by specific structures
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| gross anatomy | macroscopic anatomy (i.e. surface, regional, systemic, developmental, clinical)
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| surface anatomy | study of general form & superficial markings
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| regional anatomy | focuses on anatomical organization of specific areas of the body
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| systemic anatomy | study of structure of organ systems
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| developmental anatomy | describes changes that occur between conception & physical maturity
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| histology | examination of tissues, which combine to form organs
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| levels of organization | molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
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| nervous system | directs immediate responses
moderates other organ systems
interprets sensory info about external conditions
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| skeletal system | provides support & protection for other tissues
forms blood cells
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| endocrine system | longterm changes
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| autoregulation | adjusts the activities automatically in response to the environmental change
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| extrinsic regulation | results from the activities of the nervous system & endocrine system
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| 3 parts of homeostatic regulatory mechanism | 1. receptor 2. control center 3. effector
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| negative feedback | counteracting an effect (hypothalamus = big part)
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| positive feedback | produces response that exaggerates the original change in condition
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| supine & prone | face up & face down
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| cephalic | head
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| mental | chin
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| axillary | armpit
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| pedal | foot
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| buccal | cheek
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| patellar | kneecap
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| crural | leg
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| same as anterior | ventral
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| superior & inferior | above & below
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| caudal | tail
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| medial | toward the longitudinal axis
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| lateral | away from body's longitudinal axis
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| proximal | toward attached base
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| distal | away from attached base
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| diaphragm | separates thoracic cavity & andominopelvic cavity
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| essential body cavity function | 1. protects delicate organs from shocks & impacts
2. permit significant changes in the size & shape of internal organs
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| viscera | internal organs that are enclosed by these cavities
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| pleural cavities | holds the lungs, separates right & left by mediastinum
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| pleura | serous membrane lining a pleural cavity
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| visceral pleura | covers the outer surfaces of a lung
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| parietal pleura | covers the mediastinal surface & the inner body wall
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| pericardial cavity | small chamber surrounding the heart
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| visceral pericardium | layer covering the heart
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| parietal pericardium | outside surface of pericardial cavity
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| subdivisions of abdominopelvic cavity | superior abdominal cavity & inferior pelvic cavity
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