Horizons Chapter Six
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| Territory | The Oregon ___ was, until 1846 not controlled by any nation.
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| Americans | Which of the following best represents American policy toward the Oregon Territory? It should be settled by ___.
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| fur | The HBC was opposed to settlement because it would disrupt the ___ trade.
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| Destiny | The term “Manifest ___"means Americans should rule all of North America.
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| McLoughlin | The individual in charge of Fort Vancouver was John ____.
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| Columbia | John McLoughlin encouraged American settlement south of the _____ River.
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| Oregon | McLoughlin’s policies toward American settlers strengthened the American position in the ____ Territory.
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| Russians | In 1839, the HBC and the ____ set the boundary for Russian territory at 54? 40’ latitude.
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| Simpson | In 1841, McLoughlin and ___ disagreed over the number of trading posts on the coast.
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| American | Fort Victoria was established in 1843 because the HBC feared that Fort Vancouver could be soon in ____ territory.
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| fight | James Polk’s 1844 election slogan was “54? 40’ or ___”.
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| boundary | When the Oregon ___ treaty was signed in 1846, the new boundary was at 49 degrees N.
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| Island | The British created the Colony of Vancouver ____ because they wished to solidify their claim on the region.
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| acre | The British decided land should be allocated in the Colony of Vancouver Island by requiring settlers to buy land at the cost of £1 per ___.
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| servants | Any settler who purchased 100 acres or more in Vancouver Island was required to bring at least five ____.
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| class | The British sold land in Vancouver Island to settlers because they wished to re-create the British ___ system.
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| HBC | Most of the settlers in Vancouver Island were in fact ex-___ employees.
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| Navy | The colony of Vancouver Island was also established as a base for the Royal ___.
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| social | The English landowners in Victoria looked on naval officers as desirable ___ contacts.
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| Nations | The following are reasons why James Douglas is called the “Father of British Columbia”? His actions to protect British sovereignty, his treaties with First ___, and his ordering of the building of the Cariboo Wagon Road.
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| Douglas | Amelia ____ was from a fur-trading family, credited with saving her husband’s life, and was the head of one of the most powerful families in Victoria.
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| Douglas | James ___ negotiated treaties with the First Nations of Vancouver Island to gain title to the land.
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| Douglas | The ___ Treaties set a precedent because they recognized Aboriginal title to the land.
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| Douglas | Subsequent government leaders reversed ____’ First Nations policies.
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| Douglas | When James ___ signed treaties with the First Nations of Vancouver Island he recognized that First Nations had title to their lands.
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| California | Before gold was discovered in British Columbia, there had been a gold rush in ____
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| California | Most really good claims in the ____ Gold Rush were staked by people in the state in 1848.
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| stake | In order to obtain gold, miners must sink a mine shaft to the gold deposits, and ____ a claim to an area along a creek.
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| rich | People went on gold rushes in the 19th century because they wanted to “get ___ quick”.
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| rich | The vast majority of people who went on gold rushes did not get ___.
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| Thompson | In late 1857, a trader brought James Douglas some nuggets he had found along the ____ River.
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| Island | Douglas feared a gold rush because thousands of miners would invade Vancouver ____, there was no political jurisdiction on the mainland, and he had no army or militia.
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| Americans | By the middle of 1858, more than 10 000 miners were on the Fraser River. Most were ____.
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| Douglas | In order to preserve British control of the mainland, the British government created a new colony of British Columbia, made James ____ governor of the new colony, and dispatched a contingent of Royal Engineers to British Columbia.
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| towns | The Royal Engineers were sent to British Columbia in order to provide a military presence in the colony, survey the region, and build ____ and roads.
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| Fraser | Gold mining in British Columbia was first undertaken on sandbars on the ____ River.
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| Cariboo | The purpose of the ___ Wagon Road was to promote settlement of the interior, to ensure gold shipments did not leave the colony without being taxed, and to encourage economic development of the interior.
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| Cariboo | The ___ Wagon Road became a problem for the colonial government because it was finished after revenues were in decline.
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| Barkerville | The main town of the Cariboo Gold Rush was ____.
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| gurdy | Hurdy ____ girls were employed to dance with miners.
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| burned | In 1868, Barkerville was ____ to the ground, but quickly rebuilt.
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| ghost | By the end of the 19th century, Barkerville had become a ____ town.
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| Cariboo | By the middle of the 1860s, gold was running out. The result of this was declining population, declining revenues, and the closing of the ____ Wagon Road.
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| Bute | The Tsilhqot’in Uprising was caused by a road being built inland from ____ Inlet.
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| Douglas | James ___ could be best described as an autocrat.
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| Island | The Legislative Assembly of Vancouver ____ had no authority to enforce its resolutions.
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| Nations | In 1855, the First ____ population along the coast was at least 60 000.
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| Nations | In 1862, First ____ communities were decimated by an outbreak of smallpox.
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| Nine | In 1866, the Legislative Council of British Columbia consisted of 23 members. Of these, how many were elected?
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| Assembly | Today, the Legislature of British Columbia is made up of the Lieutenant Governor, and the Legislative _____.
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| citizen | In order to run for office or vote in British Columbia today, a person must be at least 18 years of age, must be a Canadian ____, and must have lived in British Columbia for at least 6 months.
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| budgets | The following are responsibilities of MLAs in British Columbia today. Debating legislation, voting on legislation, and approving _____.
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| Chinook | Language spoken by at least a third of the population of British Columbia in the 1880s was ____.
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| financial | The governments of Vancouver Island and British Columbia faced a ___ crisis in May, 1866, when local banks refused to grant any more loans.
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| financial | The solution to the ___ crisis of 1866 was the union of the colonies of British Columbia and Vancouver Island.
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| financial | Because ___ troubles continued after the union of the two colonies, a permanent solution was needed. Which of the following were proposed as a solutions? annexation by the United States, joining Confederation, and not joining Confederation.
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| Island | The anti-Confederationists were strongest on Vancouver ___.
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| mainland | The Confederationists were strongest on the ____.
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| annexation | The preference for ____ by the United States was strongest among Victoria business people.
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| annexation | The ____ movement failed when they could not collect enough signatures for their petition.
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| Musgrave | In 1869, a new governor was appointed. He was Anthony ____.
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| Musgrave | When Anthony ____ was appointed governor in 1869, he received instructions from the British government. These were to get British Columbia to join Canada.
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| Macdonald | Musgrave was a personal friend of Sir John A. _____.
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| Musgrave | ______ decided the best way to convince the anti- confederationists that Confederation was a good idea was to co-opt their support.
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| Ottawa | When the delegates from British Columbia arrived in ____ with their Confederation demands, the Canadian government accepted virtually all their demands.
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| railway | The key element of the terms by which British Columbia entered Confederation was the building of a _____ between British Columbia and the rest of Canada.
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| forestry | The economic activity which first developed on Burrard Inlet was ____.
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| masts | “British Columbia toothpicks” were logs used as _____ for sailing vessels.
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| saloon | “Gassy Jack” Deighton was a ____ owner.
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| Horne | William van ____ rejected Port Moody as the terminus of the CPR in 1884 because the harbour was filled with tidal flats.
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| Asia | The port of Vancouver began as a trans-shipment point between ___ and Canada.
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| Panama | The opening of the ____ Canal in 1914 caused a rise in port activity in Vancouver.
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| transportation | Modern methods in ____ have led to a diversification of goods handled by the port of Vancouver, and the construction of new facilities in the port of Vancouver.
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| Hawaii | Kanakas came from ____.
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| HBC | Kanakas were originally employed by the ____.
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| Black | In 1858, ___ citizens of San Francisco wished to settle on Vancouver Island. They were encouraged by James Douglas.
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| Black | When several ____ citizens offered to form a militia unit in 1858, James Douglas accepted their offer.
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| Oppenheimer | In order to clinch the CPR terminus for Vancouver, David ____ offered half his landholdings in Vancouver to the CPR at no cost.
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| Chinese | Because their opportunities were limited by racism, ____ miners would rework claims abandoned by white miners.
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| Chinese | In the 1880s, more than 17 000 _____ immigrants came to British Columbia to work on the CPR.
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| Chinese | When the railway was finished in 1885, most ___ railway workers could not afford to return to China.
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| Chinese | The majority attitude toward ____ workers was discriminatory.
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| Chinese | The majority attitude toward ___ workers was negative because the Chinese prevented a homogeneous British culture.
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| Chinese | In order to halt the immigration of ____workers, the government introduced a head tax of $50.
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| Chinese | Amor De Cosmos opposed ____ immigration because they “did not assimilate”.
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| Chinese | ______ labour contractors treated their workers fairly, and often became wealthy.
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