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Holman Chapter 13

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Question
Answer
Northern States   had more industry and better technology than the South  
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Roads and canals   thousands of miles were built between 1800-1850 in the North  
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Great Plains   area in Central USA west of Iowa and Missouri  
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Clipper ships   faster ships devoped in the North in the 1840's  
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Canals and steamboats   helped cities like Chicago and New York grow quickly  
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Elias Howe's sewing machine   used by factories in the North in order to produce more fabric  
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Railroads   1. Moved goods quickly. 2. Increased settlement in the Midwest 3. Encouraged growth of small towns and cities along the line  
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Communication   1. Telegraph 2. Morse code  
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Northern Factories   1. Dangerous, dirty, and low wages  
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Trade unions   1. organizations of workers with same trade. 2. Worked to improve working conditions and get better pay.  
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Strikes   1. Trade unions refused to work so that they could improve working conditions and get better pay.  
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African Americans in the North   1. were free. 2. were victims of racial prejudice and discrimination  
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Women workers in the North.   1. Often worked in factories 2. were paid less than men  
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Growth of cities in 1850's   1. factories caused cities to grow 2. Largest Immigrants were from Ireland and Germany  
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Nativists   were native born Americans who felt that immigrants from Europe would corrupt the American way of life  
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Irish immigrants   1. came to America to escape the Irish potato famine of the 1800's  
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The South in the 1800's   1. Cotton production was the most important moneymaker.  
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Cotton gin   1. Invented by Eli Whitney. 2. led to more demand for slaves and land for cotton production  
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Textile(fabric) industry in England   led to demand for more cotton production  
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Southern factories   were few compared to the North.  
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Rural   means country, country life, or country people  
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Urban   means cities, city life, or city people  
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capital in the South   1. money for investment in business 2. most of the money was tied up in slavery not industry.  
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Rural people of the South   most were poor farmers who did not own slaves  
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Wealthy plantation owners   owned most of the slaves  
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Slaves   1. did most of the work on plantations 2. slave families faced constant danger of being separated  
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Slave codes   laws passed in the South that prevented slaves from assembly, education, and travel.  
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Fredrick Douglas   1. former slave who became a famous writer. 2. He was a strong abolitionist  
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abolitionist   An abolitionist was a person who wanted to do away with slavery. In the 1830's abolitionists began to speak out in public.  
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Harriet Tubman   a former slave who helped other slaves escaped on the underground railroad  
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Nat Turner   an educated slave who led a slave rebellion that killed 55 whites before he was captured and hanged.  
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spiritual   1. a religious song created by slaves. 2. spirituals often contained secret codes that only the slave could understand  
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overseer   men hired by slave owner. Their job was to make sure the slaves were working  
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