Mod 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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What is a Flattened Palate? | compromised swallowing
soft palate muscle seperates oral cavity from nasal cavity in swallowing
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Palate Innervation | CN X - 4th branchial arch
CN XI
push food down
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What two diseases affect swallowing? | Lou Gehrig's (ALS) - motor neuron
Myasthenia Gravis - myoneural junction
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function of CN IX (stylopharyngeus) | pick food up
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Muscle of the Pharynx | superior constrictor
middle constrictor
inferior constrictor
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Dysphagia | problem swallowing
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Swallowing Reflex | superior pharyns (CN IX)
-> brainstem -> CN X-palate up
seperate oral cavity from nasal cavity
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Gag Reflex | stimulation of mucous membrane - upper pharynx sensory to superior pharynx (CN IX)
same reaction as swallowing - tongue down, pharynx contracts
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Salivary Glands | Submandibular and sublingual (CN VII)
drainage to sublingual papillae
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What is the largest salivary gland | parotid gland
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What is the motor innervation of the parotid gland? | CN IX
parasympathetic preganglionic
parasympathetic postganglionic
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where does the parotid gland drain to? | parotid duct
parallels the zygomatic arch
drains to oral cavity at level of 2nd upper molar
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What is hiatal hernia? | herniation of the abdominal esophogus into thoraxic cavity
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What are the 3 openings in the diaphragm? | esophagus
inferior Vena Cava
Descending abdominal Aorta
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What is Sliding Hiatal hernia? | abdominal portion of esophagus + cardia of stomach + fundus of stomach -> thoraxic cavity
regurgitation of stomach content
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What is Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia? | part of fundus of stomach herniates into diaphragm
no regurgitation
less common
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Where is the Left Colic Flexure? | Descending Colon
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Where is the head of the Pancreas located? | hook of the duodenum
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What is Peritonitis? | inflammation of peritonuem - stomach lining
dangerous - fecal matter release
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What is Peritoneal Adhesion? | interferes with movement of viscera
painful
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Duodenum drainage | Gall Bladder -> Cystic Duct
Liver -> Common Hepatic Duct
Bile Duct = Cystic Duct + Common Hepatic Duct
Pancreatic Duct -> pancreas
Duodenal Papilla (opening)
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What is Gall Stone | Cholesterol concretions
narrowest part of the biliary passages
found in hepatic and cystic ducts - sometimes pancreatic duct
difficult for enzymes to gain access to digest food
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Portal Triad | Hepatic Artery
Bile Duct
Portal Vein = Splenic + superior mesenteric vein
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Giant Cell Arteritis | Inflammation of Superior Mesenteric Artery due to internal elastic lamina (short posterior ciliary artiers)
superificial temporal artery affected
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Referred Pain from Liver, Gall Bladder and Duodenum Nerves | Phrenic Nerves (C 3,4,5)
Superclavicular Nerve (C2,3,4) - shoulder
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Diverticulitis | inflammation of sigmoid colon
peritonitis of lower left abdomen
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Appendicitis | Pain in umbilicus area (T10) at vermiform appendix
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Colitis | inflammation of colon and rectum
Ileostomy - opening between ileum and skin of anterior abdominal wall
colonscopy
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prinny916
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