Muscular System
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| Muscular System functions | movement, maintanance of posture, and production of heat
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| A characteristic of muscle tissue is ____________. This means that it will espond to a stimulus that requires action of the nerves | irritability
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| a characteristic of muscle tissue is _____________________________ and ____________________. This means it can stretch and resume former length | extensibility, elasticity
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| muscle tissue is _________. This means it can shorten and thicken to exert pull. | contractable
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| muscle tissue-tone: | slight tension
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| Muscle tissue fatique | the ability to respond to a stimulus
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| naming muscles | 1. shapes (deltoid (triangular)serratus (sawtooth) and trapizius (trapezoid)
2. sizes 3. points of attachement 4. location 5. action 6. direction of muscle fibers
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| muscles are used for facial expression: | frontalis (raise eyesbrows. orbicularis (close eyes), orbicular oris (pucker mouth, buccinator (whistle, blow), and zygomaticus (smile)
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| Muscles that move the head are: | sternocleidomastoid: flex the head
trapezius: hold up and extend the head
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| deltoid | abduct the arm; used for IM injections
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| pectoralis major and minor | extend and abduct the arm
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| serratus anterior | pulls the scapula down and forward
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| latissimus dorsi | extends and helps adduct the arm
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| biceps brachii | flexes teh lower arm and supinates the hand
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| triceps brachii | extends teh lower arm (forearm)
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| muscles of respiration | diaphragm and intercostals
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| muscles of the abdominal wall | rectus abdominus, transverse abdominus, internal oblique, external oblique
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| iliosoas | flexes the thigh
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| gluteus maximus | extends the leg
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| gluteus medius | abducts the thigh; IM injections
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| adductor longus, gracilus, and adductor magnus | adducts the thigh
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| qyuadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis | extend the leg
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| hamstring group (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranous | flex the leg
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| sartorius | longest muscle in teh body; used to cross legs
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| gastrocnemius | calf muscle used for planter flexion (stand on tiptoe)
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| tibialis anterior | dorsiflexes the foot
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| peroneous | used for eversion of the foot
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| smooth muscles | located in the visceral organs under the control of the autonomic nervous system
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