Brain stem
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| structure the size of the lump of sugar, located at the bottom-center of the brain above pituitary gland. | hypothalamus
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| narrow stem like structure that "plugs" into the bottom of the cerebrum hemispheres on one side and then merges/joins with the spinal cord on the other side | brain stem
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| about 1x1 in size, is vital in regulating rhythmic breathing, controls the phernic nerve to the main diaphragm breathing muscle | Pons Part
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| largest part of the stem that becomes the spinal cord after it passes through the foramen magnum hole in the occipital bone. merges into the "true" spinal cord | Medulla
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| scattered up and down the length of the brain stem is a series of tiny "neuron islands" that appear as black seeds that function as "focus centers" ranging from low brain activity (sleeping) | reticular activating
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| electrical field around the head, and the strength of this field (level of alterness) can be measured by this | EEG Electroencephalogram
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| cauliflower-shaped structure sits behind, but apart from, the brain stem at the lower back of the skull. 2nd largest brain part 10% measuring about 4"X3"X2". | Cerebellum
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| where the brain floats, and bathed, clear, watery fluid that has three main functions. 1. shock absorbing buoyancy, cushion brain against blows. 2. contains nutritional glucose to nourish all brain cells 3. carries away brain waste | Cerebrospinal Fluid
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| outermost layer that adheres to bone; a double thick, tough layer that contains arteries and veins that carry blood to bone. | Dura Mater
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| middle layer constructed in a spider web design that allows for circulation of cerebrospinal fluid, has no blood vessels | Arachnoid
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| innermost, very thin, delicate layer that's very vascular that adheres to the surface of the brain. | Pia Mater
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| jarring or bumping when the brain, bounces against the skull. | concussion
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| build up between the rigid skull bones and the soft brain tissue, and unless this accumulating blood is evacuated. | Subdural Hematoma
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| blood flow in brain area is interrupted/blocked | Stroke
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| Slow, progressive degenerative disorder of mostly seniors that leaves victims with tremors, weakness, etc. imbalance in the neurotransmitter that negatively affect synapse-crossing | Parkinson Disease
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| produced by the body and helps transmit memory nerve signals in the brain. | choline
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| 43 total pairs of peripheral nerves that reside outside the brain and spinal cord: 12 pair of cranial nerves that are continuous with the brain & 31 spinal pair that branch off the spinal cord | peripheral nervous system
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| nerves carry body information to the brain, if you feel something | Sensory
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| nerves carry brains answers, decisions, instructions back to a body part, organ, tissue, muscles, etc to tell it, them to move if you move something, | Motor
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| nerves can do either | Mixed
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| non-thinking reaction | reflex
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| 17-19 long, about the size of one's little finger, and has 31 pairs of nerves exiting the column both front and back, extends from the medulla to L-1 vertebra and then branches out from here like a horse tail | Spinal cord
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| sends impulses upward toward the brain | ascending tract
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| sends brain answer and decision back down the cord | Descending Tract
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