Government - Exam 1 - Part 2 - Chapter 4
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| A constitutional arrangement whereby power is divided between national and subnational governments, each of which enforces its own laws directly on its citizens and neither of which can alter the arrangement without the consent of the other | show 🗑
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| Constitutional arrangement whereby authority rests with the national government, subnational government have only those powers given to them by the national government | show 🗑
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| Constitutional agreement whereby the national government is created by and relies on subnational governments for authority | show 🗑
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| show | Home Rule
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| show | Intergovernmental relations
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| show | Laboratories of Democracy
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| show | Delegated or enumerated powers
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| show | Necessary and Proper Clause
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| show | Implied Powers Clause
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| Powers not mentioned specifically in the Constitution as belonging to Congress but inferred as necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated powers | show 🗑
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| Clause in Article VI of the US Constitution declaring the constitution and laws of the national government “the supreme law of the land” superior to the constitutions and laws of the states | show 🗑
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| - Powers executed by both the national government and state governments in the American federal system | show 🗑
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| show | Reserved Powers
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| Early concept of federalism in which national and state powers were clearly distinguished and functionally separate | show 🗑
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| Model of federalism in which national, state, and local governments work together exercising common policy responsibilities | show 🗑
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| show | Centralized federalism
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| Attempts to return power and responsibility to the states and reduce the role of the national government in domestic affairs | show 🗑
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| show | Representational federalism
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| Decisions are made directly by the people, usually by popular initiative and referenda voting, as opposed to decisions made by elected representatives | show 🗑
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| Allows a specified number or percentage of voters by use of a petition to place a state constitutional amendment or a state law on the ballot for adoption or rejection by the state electorate | show 🗑
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| proposed laws or constitutional amendments submitted to the voters for their direct approval or rejection, found in state constitutions, but not in the US Constitution | show 🗑
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| An election to allow voters to decide whether or not to remove an elected official before his or her term expires | show 🗑
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| show | Grant-in-aid
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| Federal grants to a state or local government for specific purposes or projects; may be allocated by formulas or by projects | show 🗑
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| Federal grants to state or local governments for general government functions allowing greater flexibility in the use of money | show 🗑
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| show | Devolution
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| A term referring to direct federal orders (Mandates) to state and local governments to perform a service or conform to federal law in the performance of a function | show 🗑
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| Total or partial federal assumption of power in a particular field, restricting the authority of the states | show 🗑
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| Federal government’s assumption of all regulatory powers in a particular field | show 🗑
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| show | Partial preemption
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| Form of partial preemption in which the states are permitted to regulate activities already regulated by the federal government if the state regulatory standards are at least as stringent as the federal government’s | show 🗑
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| direct federal orders to state and local governments requiring them to perform a service or to obey federal laws in the performance of their functions | show 🗑
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| Mandates that impose costs on state and local governments (and private industry) without reimbursement from the federal government | show 🗑
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| show | Delegated or enumerated
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| show | reserved
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| show | state-centered federalism
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| show | Dual Federalism
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| What age of federalism occurred from 1913-1964? | show 🗑
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| What age of federalism occurred from 1964-1980? | show 🗑
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| President Lyndon B. Johnson started the ______ program in 1964 with national goals during the Centralized Federalism era. | show 🗑
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| show | New Federalism
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| What age of federalism occurred from 1985-1995? | show 🗑
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| show | left up to the states
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| show | 13th
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| What amendment extended the Bill of Rights to the states (ratified 1868)? | show 🗑
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| show | Marbury v. Madison (1803)
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| show | 15th
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| show | 16th (1913)
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| show | 17th
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| show | McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
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| What court case ruled that the federal government could not enforce the Gun-Free School Zone Act of 1990? | show 🗑
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| What court case shielded states from lawsuits from private parties that seek to force states to comply with federal laws enacted under the commerce clause? | show 🗑
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| show | Alden v. Maine (1999)
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| show | Prinz v. U.S. (1997)
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| show | US v. Morrison (2000)
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| What court case held that the power to regulate interstate commerce was granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause? | show 🗑
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| show | Martin v. Hunter's Lessee (1816)
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| show | Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
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| What court case declared that state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional? | show 🗑
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| What court case ruled that a right to privacy under the due process clause in the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution extends to a woman's decision to have an abortion? | show 🗑
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| show | Baker v. Carr (1962)
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| show | Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority (1985)
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| show | Necessary and Proper Clause
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| show | congress
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| show | the national government was one of enumerated powers only
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| Who were the authors of the Federalist Papers? | show 🗑
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| An amendment is proposed either by the Congress with a ______ majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or by a constitutional convention called for by ______ of the State legislatures. | show 🗑
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| show | 3/4ths
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| Today, the central role and authority of providing meaning to the Constitution is held by _____. | show 🗑
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| show | congress
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| What term best describes a grant which is for a general government function, such as law enforcement or health? | show 🗑
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| What term best describes a grant in which the project (with a specific narrow purpose. must be approved by the administrative federal agency and state and local governments compete by application for funds? | show 🗑
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| During which era of American Federalism did the national government have its own goals and that virtually all problems confronting American society were declared to be national problems? | show 🗑
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| Beginning the _____ era of Federalism, the Supreme Court decision in Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority decision seemed to remove all barriers to direct congressional legislation in matters traditionally reserved to the states. | show 🗑
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| show | Representation Federalism 1985-1995
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| During the early years of the New Deal, the Supreme Court rulings found most New Deal legislation ______. | show 🗑
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| show | welfare, health (2/3rds), education
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| What is the importance of The Tenth Amendment? | show 🗑
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