Muscular System
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| Muscular system provides | movement
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| Muscular system provides | motility
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| Muscular system produces | heat
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| Muscular system includes | skeletal muscles
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| Muscle cells are specialized for | contraction
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| Each muscle is made of thousands of muscle____ | cells
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| Muscles cells (aka) | muscle fibers
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| The brain recruits a _____number of fibers based on need | higher
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| Anchors muscle to bone and other muscles | tendon
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| Tendons are usually_____ | round
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| Flat sheet like tendon | Aponeurosis
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| Tendons are made of | fibrous connective tissue
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| Tendons are a _____of deep fascia that cover muscle | continuation
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| Tendons merge with _____to anchor to bone | Periosteum
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| Where the muscle originate | Origin
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| The origin is usually the more____of the 2 ends | Stationary
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| The origin is usually the _____end | Proximal
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| Opposite end or the origin | Insertion
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| Insertion is usually across a ___from the origin | joint
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| The primary muscle that brings desired movement | Protagonist
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| Muscle that does the opposite of the desired movement | Antagonist
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| Secondary muscles that bring about desired movement | Synergist
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| Initiates the signal to the muscle in the premotor and motor areas of the cortex | Frontal lobe
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| Coordinates movement | cerebellum
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| Sensation of the muscles, conscious input | parietal lobes
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| Subconscious input | Cerebellum
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| Slight contraction of muscle that is present most of the time | muscle tone
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| Muscle tone changes with____ | position
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| Heat production from normal muscle metabolism | Thermogenesis
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| Thermogenesis due to (2) | Decomposition (chemical reaction), Friction
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| Muscle sense (aka) | proprioception
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| Proprioception is the awareness of the position of ______thus the ____ | Muscles, Joint
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| Muscle since is sensed by____receptors | stretch
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| Stretch receptors detect changes in _____ | length
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| Primary energy source | ATP
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| Secondary energy source | Creatine, phosphate& glycogen
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| The most abundant in energy source | glycogen
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| When oxygen need is greater that the supply | Oxygen debt
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| Breathing to supply the oxygen required by the liver to detoxify lactic acid | Recover oxygen uptake
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| Motor nerves ending at the muscle fiber | Neuromuscular junction
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| Enlarged end of the motor neuron | motor end plate/axon terminal/synaptic knob
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| Axon terminal contains sacs of ____ | acetylcholine (Ach)
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| Cell membrane of the muscle fiber | Sarcolemma
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| Sarcolemma contains _____site for Ach | receptor
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| Sarcolemma contains cholinesterase that_______Ach | deactivates
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| The junction between the axon terminal and the muscle fiber | Synapse
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| Contractile units in the muscle fiber | Sarcomere
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| Actin (aka) | thin filaments
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| Myosin (aka) | thin filaments
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| Thicker contractile protein | Myosin
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| Thick contractile protein that interacts with myosin | actin
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| Protein backbone that anchors actin filaments | Z line
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| Forms the end boundaries of the sarcomeres | Z line
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| Protein that anchors myosin to Z line | titan
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| Inhibitory proteins that prevent contraction when relaxed | troponin, tropomyosis
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| ER of the cell membrane | Sarcoplasmic reticulum
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| Reducing the angle of a joint | flexion
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| Increasing the angle of a joint | extension
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| Tilting the foot/ankle medially | inversion
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| Tilting the foot/ankle laterally | eversion
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| Rotating palm up (forward) | supination
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| Rotating the palm down | pronation
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| R&L side bending | Lateral flexion
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| Rotating around a joint (R, L internal external) | Rotation
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| Moving in a circular motion | circumduction
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| Bring part away from midline | abduction
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| Bring part toward midline | aduction
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| Bring part toward the midline or posteriorly | retraction
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| Bring a part away from the midline or anteriorly | protraction
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| Head (chicken) (A, P, R, L) | translation
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| Decreasing the angle of the ankle joint | dorsiflexion
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| Increasing the angle of the ankle joint | plantar flexion
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Created by:
Sarsileigh
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