Blood Flash Cards
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| Whole blood is made of what 2 components? | Blood plasma and formed elements.
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| Blood plasma is made of what 3 components? | proteins, water, and other solutes.
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| What are the 3 main proteins found in blood? | albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen.
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| What are the 6 solutes commonly found in blood? | electrolytes, nutrients, gases, regulatory substances, vitamins, and waste products.
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| What is the definition of a formed element? | red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
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| What are the 5 classes of formed elements? | neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
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| Relationship between erythrocyte and erthropoesis. | the creation of erythrocytes is called erythropoesis.
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| Relationship between reticulocytes and red blood cells. | near the end of erythropoesis, red blood cell ejects its nucleus and becomes a reticulocyte.
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| Role of a neutrophil. | help protect the body against infections by killing and ingesting bacteria, fungi, and foreign dubris.
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| Role of a monocyte. | ingest dead or damaged cells and help defend against many infectious organisms.
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| Role of an eosinophil. | kill parasites, destroy cancer cells, and are involved in allergic responses.
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| Role of a basophil. | also participate in allergic responses.
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| Role of B, T, and natural killer cells. | T and natural killer cells protect against viral infections, detect and destroy some cancer cells. B cells develop into cells that produce antibodies.
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| What is hemostasis? | a sequence of responses that stops bleeding when blood vessels are injured
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| What are the 3 methods of reduction of blood loss? | Vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, and blood clotting.
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| What is a hemorrhage? | the loss of a large amount of blood from the vessels.
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| How does vascular spasm aid in hemostasis? | reduces blood loss for several minutes-hours, allowing other hemostatic mechanisms to begin.
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| How does platelet plug formation aid in hemostasis? | they come together to form a platelet plug that helps fill the gap in the injured blood vessel wall.
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| What is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus? | A thrombus is the clot itself, and the embolus is a blood clot, bubble of air, fat from a broken bone, or a piece of debris.
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| What is a pulmonary embolism and why is one dangerous? | the presence of a blood clot that gets in the way of circulation to blood tissue. Can block the blood to the heart, brain, and kidney.
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| What makes on blood group different from another? | the presence or absence of various isoantigens.
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| How is type A blood different from type blood B blood? | A blood has A antigens, B blood has B antigens.
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| How is type AB blood different from types A and B blood? | AB blood carries both A and B antigens.
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| What does an anti-A antibody do? Anti-B antibody? | Anti-A reacts with antigen A, and anti-B reacts with antigen B.
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| Who has an anti-A antibody? | Type B and Type O have it, type A and type AB do not.
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| Who has an anti-B antibody? | Type A and Type O have it, type B and type AB do not.
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| What happens in an incompatible blood transfusion? | antibodies in plasma bind to antigens on RBC's. Causes hemolysis and release hemoglobin into plasma.
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| What is the difference between Rh+ and Rh- blood? | If they have the RH antigen there Rh+, if they dont there Rh-.
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| What is anemia and what are the symptoms of anemia? | The oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is reduced. Symptoms - fatigue, paleness, and low content to cold.
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| What is the cause of iron-deficiency anemia? | Inadequate absorption of iron.
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| What is the cause of pernicious anemia? | Insufficient hemopoiesis.
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| What is the cause of hermorrhagic anemia? | Excessive loss of RBC's through bleeding.
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| What is the cause of hemolytic amemia? | RBC plasma membranes rapture prematurely.
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| What is the cause of thalassemia? | an abnormalty in one of the 4 polypeptide chains of hemoglobin.
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| What is the cause of aplastic anemia? | destruction of the red bone marrow.
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| What are the causes and symptoms of sickle cell anemia? | Cause - an abnormal kind of hemoglobin
Symptom - creation of sickle cells, eventually tissue damage
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| What are the causes and symptoms of hemophilia? | Cause - deficiency of clotting which bleeding may occur
Symptom - nosebleeds, blood in urine, painful joints, and tissue damage
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| What are the causes and symptoms of leukemia? | Cause - uncontrolled production and accumulation of immature keukocytes
Symptom
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| Reticylcyte | counting the volume of reticulocytes in a sample of blood measures rate of erythropoesis.
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| Hematocrit | Counting the % of a blood sample that is composed of RBCs, diagnoses anemia.
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| Differential WBC count | Count various forms of WBC to assess for infections and manufacture of WBCs.
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| Complete blood count | measure volume of all blood components, measures blood components that are out of range.
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Created by:
Shayla Jochum
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