Rutgers Univ. Art History Vocabulary for Exam 1
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| Art | an expression of idea, cultural values, is tangible, repeatable, interactive, and has definite form.
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| 3 types of Art | Architecture, Pictorial, and Sculpture
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| Architecture | large immobile structures, their urban surroundings and settings. Permanent and Practical
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| Picture | paintings, drawings, and later on prints and photography. Most fleeting
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| Sculpture | any sort of non-functional 3d object. Carved, modeled, assembled, or cast. can be free standing or relief
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| Medium | the materials used in the art, wood, stone, concrete, ivory, bronze, tempora, oil, chalk, and enamel
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| Formal Elements | includes line, shape, light, texture, space, mass, volume, and composition
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| Style | the combination of formal elements
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| Iconography | subject matter and the symbols identified
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| Formal Analysis | Looking at the iconography and style
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| Social Art History | cultural, political, and social movements and their resulting effects on art
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| Registers | bands of uniform size around a vase that contain artistic vase. Do not contribute to function of vase.
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| Cult Statues/Image | human made depictions of an icon
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| votive offering | a gift to a god from an individual meant to give thanks
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| Aportopaic | meant to ward off evil
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| Hieratic Scale | The most important symbols are portrayed as being the largest
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| Composite Pose | each body part is portrayed from the angle it is most characteristic
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| Ziggurat | a large, stepped building with a plateau top. ritals were likely held on top of these
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| Fluting | shallow grooves running vertically along a surface
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| Reverse | the backside of a palette
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| Obverse | the front side of a palette
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| Mastaba | early burial chamber for Egyptians
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| Ka | the spirit of the individual that leaves the body when they die in ancient Egyptian culture
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| Naturalistic Architecture | Architecture that has been built into the landscape behind it to give it an appearance of blending in
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| Axiality | relating to, characterized by, or forming an axis
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| hypostyle | a roof which is supported by columns, as in the Great Hypostyle hall at Karnak
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| clerestory | an outside wall of a room or building that rises above an adjoining window
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| Amarna Style | the artistic style of Akhenaten, characterized by feminine depiction of men, the only departure of the Ancient Eyptian Period
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| Doric Style | earliest, stood directly on the flat pavement (the styloblate) of a temple without a base; their vertical shafts were fluted with 20 parallel concave grooves; and they were topped by a smooth capital that flared from the column to meet a square abacus
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| Ionic Style | The second order of Greek Architecture. Normally stand on a base which seperates it from the styloblate, It has the same fluting as Doric, and the Capital of abacus and volutes (the curled up things)
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| Corinthian Style | last order of Greek Architecture, and is the most ornate. characterized by slender fluted columns and elaborate capitals decorated with acanthus leaves and scrolls
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| Pediment | a low pitched triangular gable on the front of some buildings
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| Cornice | molding is generally any horizontal decorative molding that crowns any building or furniture element
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| Entablature | a superstructure of moldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns, resting on their capitals, contains the frieze
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| frieze | is a wide cetnral section part of an entablature and may be plain or decorated with relief sculpture
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| triglyph | vertically channeled tablets of the doric frieze, so called because the angular channels in them, tow perfect and one divided
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| metope | is a rectangular architectural element that fills the space between two triglyphs
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| capital | the top of a column
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| fluting | the concave grooves in a column
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| column | the big vertical things that you already knew
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| base | the bottom of a column
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| styloblate/stereoblate | the top step of base of a podium
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| Cycladic art | the visual art of the ancient cycladic civiliation which flourished in the islands of the aegean sea
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| fresco | a type of plaster painting, where the artist paints wet paint into wet plaster
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| Genre Scene | pictorial reprentations in any of various media that represent scenes or events from everyday life, such as markets, domestic setting, interiors, parties, inn scenes, and street scenes
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| Helladic Art | Ancient Greeve during the Bronze age
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| Corbeled Arch | an arch-like construction method that uses the architectural technique of corbeling to span a space or void a structure
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| megaron | is a great hall of the Grecian palace complex
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| Kouros | is the modern term given to male youths which first appear in the archaic period in Ancient Greece
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| Black-figure painting | black figures in red background
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| Red-figure painting | red figures in black background
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| symposium | a meeting of philosophers where they drank and had sex.
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| peristyle | a columned porch or open colonnade in a building surrounding a court that may contain an internal garden
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| caryatids | women that double as columns
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| contropposto | standing naturally
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| lost wax bronze | clay core, wax and then clay, melt the wax, fill with bronze, there you go
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| acropolis | the highest point in the city, where they built a temple
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| optical refinements | changes made to architecture, meant to make the temple seem more perfect
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| pheidian-style drapery | wet looking, excessive wrinkles
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| Age of Woman of Willendorf | 25000 BCE
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| Age of Hall of Bulls | 15000 BCE
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| Age of Stonehenge | 2100 BCE
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| Age of Carved Vessel (Warka Vase) | 3200 BCE
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| Age of Stele of Naram-Sin | 2200 BCE
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| Age of Great Ziggurat of King Urnammu | 2100 BCE
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| Age of Ishtar Gate | 3100 BCE
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| Age of Palette of King Narmer | 3100 BCE
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| Age of Great Pyramids | 2500 BCE
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| Age of Khafre | 2500 BCE
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| Age of Ti Watching a Hippo Hunt | 2500 BCE
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| Age of Hatshepsut | 1500 BCE
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| Age of Harvester Vase | 1500 BCE
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| Age of Palace Complex at Knossos | 1500 BCE
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| Age of New York Kouros | 600 BCE
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| Age of Ajax and Achilles Playing Dice | 500 BCE
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| Artist of Ajax and Achilles Playing Dice | Exekias
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| Age of Dying Warrior | 500 BCE
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| Age of Kritios Boy | 500 BCE
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| Age of Riace Warrior A | 450 BCE
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| Age of Parthenon | 450 BCE
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| Architect of Parthenon | Iktinos and kallikrates
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| Age of Three Goddesses from the East Pediment of the Parthenon | 450 BCE
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| Age of Doryphoros (Spear Bearer) | 450 BCE
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| Sculptor of Doryphoros (Spear Bearer) | Polykleitos
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| Age of Nereid Monument | 400 BCE
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| Age of Aphrodite of Knidos | 300 BCE
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| Sculptor of Aphrodite of Knidos | Praxiteles
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| Age of Apoxyomenos | 300 BCE
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| Sculptor of Apoxyomenos | Lysippos
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| Age of Dying Gaul | 200 BCE
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| Sculptor of Dying Gaul | Epigonos of Pergamon
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| Age of Athena and Alkyoneus | 200 BCE
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| Age of Lacoon | 100 BCE
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| Age of the Battle of Issos | 300 BCE
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| Age of Baker Dancer | 250 BCE
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