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Art History Exam_1
Rutgers Univ. Art History Vocabulary for Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Art | an expression of idea, cultural values, is tangible, repeatable, interactive, and has definite form. |
| 3 types of Art | Architecture, Pictorial, and Sculpture |
| Architecture | large immobile structures, their urban surroundings and settings. Permanent and Practical |
| Picture | paintings, drawings, and later on prints and photography. Most fleeting |
| Sculpture | any sort of non-functional 3d object. Carved, modeled, assembled, or cast. can be free standing or relief |
| Medium | the materials used in the art, wood, stone, concrete, ivory, bronze, tempora, oil, chalk, and enamel |
| Formal Elements | includes line, shape, light, texture, space, mass, volume, and composition |
| Style | the combination of formal elements |
| Iconography | subject matter and the symbols identified |
| Formal Analysis | Looking at the iconography and style |
| Social Art History | cultural, political, and social movements and their resulting effects on art |
| Registers | bands of uniform size around a vase that contain artistic vase. Do not contribute to function of vase. |
| Cult Statues/Image | human made depictions of an icon |
| votive offering | a gift to a god from an individual meant to give thanks |
| Aportopaic | meant to ward off evil |
| Hieratic Scale | The most important symbols are portrayed as being the largest |
| Composite Pose | each body part is portrayed from the angle it is most characteristic |
| Ziggurat | a large, stepped building with a plateau top. ritals were likely held on top of these |
| Fluting | shallow grooves running vertically along a surface |
| Reverse | the backside of a palette |
| Obverse | the front side of a palette |
| Mastaba | early burial chamber for Egyptians |
| Ka | the spirit of the individual that leaves the body when they die in ancient Egyptian culture |
| Naturalistic Architecture | Architecture that has been built into the landscape behind it to give it an appearance of blending in |
| Axiality | relating to, characterized by, or forming an axis |
| hypostyle | a roof which is supported by columns, as in the Great Hypostyle hall at Karnak |
| clerestory | an outside wall of a room or building that rises above an adjoining window |
| Amarna Style | the artistic style of Akhenaten, characterized by feminine depiction of men, the only departure of the Ancient Eyptian Period |
| Doric Style | earliest, stood directly on the flat pavement (the styloblate) of a temple without a base; their vertical shafts were fluted with 20 parallel concave grooves; and they were topped by a smooth capital that flared from the column to meet a square abacus |
| Ionic Style | The second order of Greek Architecture. Normally stand on a base which seperates it from the styloblate, It has the same fluting as Doric, and the Capital of abacus and volutes (the curled up things) |
| Corinthian Style | last order of Greek Architecture, and is the most ornate. characterized by slender fluted columns and elaborate capitals decorated with acanthus leaves and scrolls |
| Pediment | a low pitched triangular gable on the front of some buildings |
| Cornice | molding is generally any horizontal decorative molding that crowns any building or furniture element |
| Entablature | a superstructure of moldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns, resting on their capitals, contains the frieze |
| frieze | is a wide cetnral section part of an entablature and may be plain or decorated with relief sculpture |
| triglyph | vertically channeled tablets of the doric frieze, so called because the angular channels in them, tow perfect and one divided |
| metope | is a rectangular architectural element that fills the space between two triglyphs |
| capital | the top of a column |
| fluting | the concave grooves in a column |
| column | the big vertical things that you already knew |
| base | the bottom of a column |
| styloblate/stereoblate | the top step of base of a podium |
| Cycladic art | the visual art of the ancient cycladic civiliation which flourished in the islands of the aegean sea |
| fresco | a type of plaster painting, where the artist paints wet paint into wet plaster |
| Genre Scene | pictorial reprentations in any of various media that represent scenes or events from everyday life, such as markets, domestic setting, interiors, parties, inn scenes, and street scenes |
| Helladic Art | Ancient Greeve during the Bronze age |
| Corbeled Arch | an arch-like construction method that uses the architectural technique of corbeling to span a space or void a structure |
| megaron | is a great hall of the Grecian palace complex |
| Kouros | is the modern term given to male youths which first appear in the archaic period in Ancient Greece |
| Black-figure painting | black figures in red background |
| Red-figure painting | red figures in black background |
| symposium | a meeting of philosophers where they drank and had sex. |
| peristyle | a columned porch or open colonnade in a building surrounding a court that may contain an internal garden |
| caryatids | women that double as columns |
| contropposto | standing naturally |
| lost wax bronze | clay core, wax and then clay, melt the wax, fill with bronze, there you go |
| acropolis | the highest point in the city, where they built a temple |
| optical refinements | changes made to architecture, meant to make the temple seem more perfect |
| pheidian-style drapery | wet looking, excessive wrinkles |
| Age of Woman of Willendorf | 25000 BCE |
| Age of Hall of Bulls | 15000 BCE |
| Age of Stonehenge | 2100 BCE |
| Age of Carved Vessel (Warka Vase) | 3200 BCE |
| Age of Stele of Naram-Sin | 2200 BCE |
| Age of Great Ziggurat of King Urnammu | 2100 BCE |
| Age of Ishtar Gate | 3100 BCE |
| Age of Palette of King Narmer | 3100 BCE |
| Age of Great Pyramids | 2500 BCE |
| Age of Khafre | 2500 BCE |
| Age of Ti Watching a Hippo Hunt | 2500 BCE |
| Age of Hatshepsut | 1500 BCE |
| Age of Harvester Vase | 1500 BCE |
| Age of Palace Complex at Knossos | 1500 BCE |
| Age of New York Kouros | 600 BCE |
| Age of Ajax and Achilles Playing Dice | 500 BCE |
| Artist of Ajax and Achilles Playing Dice | Exekias |
| Age of Dying Warrior | 500 BCE |
| Age of Kritios Boy | 500 BCE |
| Age of Riace Warrior A | 450 BCE |
| Age of Parthenon | 450 BCE |
| Architect of Parthenon | Iktinos and kallikrates |
| Age of Three Goddesses from the East Pediment of the Parthenon | 450 BCE |
| Age of Doryphoros (Spear Bearer) | 450 BCE |
| Sculptor of Doryphoros (Spear Bearer) | Polykleitos |
| Age of Nereid Monument | 400 BCE |
| Age of Aphrodite of Knidos | 300 BCE |
| Sculptor of Aphrodite of Knidos | Praxiteles |
| Age of Apoxyomenos | 300 BCE |
| Sculptor of Apoxyomenos | Lysippos |
| Age of Dying Gaul | 200 BCE |
| Sculptor of Dying Gaul | Epigonos of Pergamon |
| Age of Athena and Alkyoneus | 200 BCE |
| Age of Lacoon | 100 BCE |
| Age of the Battle of Issos | 300 BCE |
| Age of Baker Dancer | 250 BCE |
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